Objective: To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF 1) in kidney tissue rats with pyelonephritis their relationship by establishing a rat model acute pyelonephritis. Methods: 80 male Wistar were randomly divided into control group an experimental group, 40 each. The injected saline those 10 ?g/mL...