This paper originates the theory of buyer concentration for a main raw material input for a single processing industry. The Oligopsony concentration is obtained and subsequently decomposed into several factors, affecting indirectly the industry’s profitability. It is found that the leading firms’ efficiencies hypothesis is reaffirmed due to variations associated with the marginal productivity d...

This paper proposes a document oriented paradigm to the development of contentintensive, document-based applications (e.g. educational and hypermedia applications, and knowledge based systems). According to this paradigm, the main aspects of this kind of applications can be described by means of documents. Afterwards, these documents are marked up using descriptive domain-specific markup langua...

Businesses and organizations are increasingly finding that HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language) offers no help whatsoever in managing the information on their web sites. SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) provides the flexibility and reuse lacking in HTML. However, SGML alone does not address the problems involved in maintaining on-line document repositories. Although traditional database...

We have previously developed the Digital electronic Guideline Library (DeGeL) framework, which includes a methodology for a markup-based, increasingly formal structuring of free-text clinical guidelines (GLs), and tools to support guideline-based application. The methodology includes activities be-fore, during and after the markup process. To reduce the ambiguity of the interpretation of a GL a...

Corpus linguistics is a branch of linguistics in which the scholars analyse large collections of electronic documents. For English there are many such corpora. The earliest and best known is the Brown Corpus [1]. The Linguistic Data Consortium at the University of Pennsylvania is collecting several hundred million words of English. The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) [2] is specifying SGML Docum...

New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models with various specifications of technology, markup, and interest rate shocks are estimated Indian data using Kalman filter based pure Bayesian likelihood estimation. Preference found to be important for output determination, whereas markup inflation. News, as contained in stock market variables arising from anticipated rates, affects gr...

Abstract Semantic markup, such as , allows providers on the Web to describe content using a shared controlled vocabulary. This markup is invaluable in enabling broad range of applications, from vertical search engines, rich snippets results, actions emails, many others. In this paper, we focus semantic for datasets, specifically context developing engine datasets Web, Google’s Dataset Search. S...

Abstract Against the backdrop of China’s upgrading its openness to outside world, analyzing impact export markets on a firm’s markup—an important indicator pricing power and market power—is great significance for improving international competitiveness benefits global value chain. This study theoretically empirically examines effect duration firm markups using micro data from Chinese manufactur...