INTRODUCTION A canted occlusal plane presents an unesthetic element of the smile. The correction of this asymmetry has been typically considered difficult by orthodontists, as it requires complex mechanics and may sometimes even require orthognathic surgery. OBJECTIVE This paper outlines the case of a 29-year-old woman with Class II malocclusion, pronounced midline deviation and accentuated o...

AIM The purpose of this case report is to describe a nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular left second premolar with two separate roots and three distinct root canals. BACKGROUND In endodontics, the possible existence of extra canals must be considered before endodontic treatment is instituted. A wide morphological variation of the root canal system is known to exist. CASE DESCRI...

OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the influence of presence and shape of cervical lesions on biomechanical behavior of mandibular first premolar, subjected to two types of occlusal loading using three-dimensional (3D) finite element method (FEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS 3D models of the mandibular premolar are created from a micro computed tomography X-ray image: model of sound ma...

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The effects of behavioral training on early visual representations have been elusive when assessed with firing rates. Learning-induced changes in performance, however, suggest that representations should encompass early cortical stages. Here, we address the question of whether training-induced effects are pertinent to neuronal activity outside the task proper, which is a requirement if subseque...

This study was aimed at documenting the location, shape, and direction of the opening of the mental foramen in dry mandibles of adult black Tanzanian population. A hundred mandibles were available for studying. In 45% the mental foramen was located below the apex of the second premolar, 35% between the second premolar and the first molar, 12% between the first premolar and second premolar and 8...

Maciej Wojciech Pilecki1, Małgorzata Kowal2, Agnieszka Woronkowicz2, Łukasz Kryst2, Jan Sobiecki2: 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland. 2School of Anthropology in the University School of Physical Education (AWF) in Kraków, Poland. Correspondence address: Maciej Pilecki, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Jagiellon...

We have examined the influence of 'feedback' projections from extrastriate visual cortical area 21a on the responses of neurons in area 17 of the cat, by cooling area 21a to 5-10 degrees C while the temperature over the recording sites was kept at 36 degrees C. Orientation, direction and length selectivities as well as contrast sensitivity were tested before and during cooling and after rewarmi...

Successful endodontic management of mandibular first molar with a single root and single canal is diagnosed with the aid of dental operating microscope and multiple angled radiographs. In addition all the mandibular molars and premolars were single rooted on either side.

The psychological oblique effect, a well-known phenomenon that humans and some mammals are more visually sensitive to cardinal (vertical and horizontal) contours than to oblique ones, has commonly been associated with the overrepresentation of cardinal orientations in the visual cortex. In contrast to the oblique effect, however, Essock et al. [E.A. Essock, J.K. DeFord, B.C. Hansen, M.J. Sinai,...