OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to review the literature of how to identify the mental foramen, mandibular incisive canal and associated neurovascular bundles during implant surgery and how to detect and avoid the damage of these vital structures during implant therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Literature was selected through a search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane electronic data...

Segmenting the mandibular canal from cone beam CT data, is difficult due to low edge contrast and high image noise. We introduce 3D coherence filtering as a method to close the interrupted edges and denoise the structure of the mandibular canal. Coherence Filtering is an anisotropic non-linear tensor based diffusion algorithm for edge enhancing image filtering. We test different numerical schem...

the presence of three root canals in the distal root of the mandibular fi rst permanent molars is rare; based on in vitro studies its incidence is reported to be between 0.2% and 3%. with the advent of cone beam computed tomography (cbct) as an adjunctive diagnostic aid, the determination of root canal anatomy in teeth with extra canals and complex canal confi gurations has become more precise....

BACKGROUND Neurological involvement is a serious complication associated to the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars and the radiological investigation is the first mandatory step to assess the risk of a possible post-operative injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). The aim of this study was to introduce a new radiological classification that could be normally used in clin...

Purpose: This study investigated root number and canal configurations, including morphological variations, of mandibular first molars in a subpopulation South Africans.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM The most important risk factor for inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) damage is the proximity of the mandibular root apices to the alveolar canal. Failure to position the patient's head at standardized orientation during cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans might adversely affect the relative position of the alveolar canal and mandibular root apices with subsequent tre...

Usually, the mandibular canine only has one root and one root canal. However, there has been a noticeable increment in evidence showing variations in its morphology, such as the presence of two roots and two root canals. The aim of this article was to present a case of a mandibular canine with two roots and two root canals and to review the available literature on this anatomic variation. Root ...

The mandibular canine is usually considered a single-rooted tooth with a single root canal. However, two canals and more rarely two roots may also occur. This paper reports the case of a patient with bilateral mandibular canines with two roots and two root canals. The initial periapical radiographs of the mandibular right and left canines for endodontic treatment revealed the presence of two ro...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine and compare the reliability to accomplish of common mandibular landmarks and to determine the incidence of incisive canals, anterior looping, and lingual foramina in children from panoramic and CBCT images. DESIGN Panoramic and CBCT images from 100 children and adolescent patients were randomly selected. In order to grade the visibility of mand...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the location of the mandibular canal and the thickness of the occlusal cortical bone at dental implant sites in the lower second premolar and lower first molar by using dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Seventy-nine sites (47 second premolar and 32 first molar sites) were identified in the dental CBCT examinations of 47 patients. In this st...