Malic enzyme catalyzes the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate and CO(2). The Saccharomyces cerevisiae MAE1 gene encodes a mitochondrial malic enzyme whose proposed physiological roles are related to the oxidative, malate-decarboxylating reaction. Hitherto, the inability of pyruvate carboxylase-negative (Pyc(-)) S. cerevisiae strains to grow on glucose suggested that Mae1...

In order to reduceof the amount of lead and arsenic in contaminated soil, CA(citric acid), PA(polyepoxysuccinic MA(malic acid) EDTA were used remove as chemical extractor. The experiments showed that extraction ability was EDTA>CA>MA>PA, MA>CA>PA=EDTA. eluents concentration, reaction period liquid/solid ratio key factor effect. It evident optimal condition 0.1 mol/L eluent 2h per...

The organic acids composition of six wild edible mushroom species (Amanita caesarea, Boletus edulis, Gyroporus castaneus, Lactarius deliciosus, Suillus collinitus, and Xerocomus chrysenteron) was determined by an HPLC-UV detector method. The results showed that all of the samples presented a profile composed of at least five organic acids: citric, ketoglutaric, malic, succinic, and fumaric acid...

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase has been found in significant activities in a number of plants exhibiting Crassulacean acid metabolism. Thirty-five species were surveyed for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, ribulose diphosphate carboxylase, malic enzyme, and malate dehydrogenase (NAD). Plants which showed high activities of malic enzyme contained no detectab...

A simple, automated colorimetric method for determining oxalic acid in plant material is based on the quantitative reduction in colour of a zirconium/3,4-dihydroxyazobenzene-2'-carboxylic.acid complex by microgram quantities of oxaIic acid. I t is suitable for use over a wide range of oxalic acid concentrations. Interference from phosphate, sulphate, citric acid and malic acid was encountered b...

It is well known that lactic acid bacteria need multiple nutritional requirements for growth. They require numerous amino acids and other growth factors to develop in synthetic media. In this review the amino acid requirements, the effect of L-malic acid and citric acids metabolism on these requirements and the catabolism of amino acids by lactic acid bacteria from wine are discussed, with emph...

Pyrolytic aqueous condensate (PAC) might serve as a cost-effective substrate for microbial malic acid production, it is an unused side stream of the fast pyrolysis lignocellulosic biomass that contains acetol and acetate potential carbon sources. In present study, shake flask cultures were performed to evaluate suitability its combination with substrates growth L-malate production filamentous f...

It has been known since the work of Mayer (1) in 1875 that the thick succulent leaves of many plants of the family Crassulaceae become enriched in titratable organic acids during the night and diminish in acid content when the leaves are illuminated. An analogous diurnal variation in acidity has been observed in a number of other succulents, and occasionally in species of different growth habit...

The title compound, C(10)H(14)O(5), is an inter-mediate in our study of the asymmetric synthesis of α-hydroxy-alkanoic acids. The structure consists of 1,4-dioxaspiro[4,5]decane skeleton formed when the cyclohexylidene group binds to both of the hydroxyl groups of carboxylic groups of the starting malic acid. The six-membered ring adopts a chair conformation.

Quinine was employed as a resolving agent for racemic malic acid. The resultant product was a quininium salt containing 75 % of the D-malate anion. Quinine was also crystallized with pure Land D-malic acids and the structures of the resulting diastereomeric salts were elucidated. The crystal packings were analyzed in terms of their non-bonded interactions and the conformation of the quinine, wh...