Background and aims: Our aim was to study intragastric volume and distribution of a liquid meal in patients with reflux oesophagitis using three dimensional ultrasonography. Methods: Twenty patients and 20 healthy controls underwent ultrasonographic measurements of the stomach using a position sensor based on magnetic scanhead tracking for acquisition of three dimensional images. In vivo accura...

The manifold microchannel (MMC) heat sink, which possesses better transfer performance and less pressure drop than the traditional has attracted much attention from researchers in recent years. But not of them, either single-phase or two-phase ones, focused on problems about flow maldistribution wall temperature nonuniformity that might ultimately lead to system breakdown. To investigate distri...

The monolithic catalytic converter is still the main pollution control device for modern vehicles in order to reach the ever-increasing legislative demands for low emission standards. The catalytic converters require a large expansion from the exhaust pipe to the front face of the monolith. Unfortunately, packaging constraints often do not permit the use of long diffusers. Hence, flow separa...

In this work an experimental proof-of-concept of the Ca-Cu process has been carried out. The combines sorption-enhanced steam reforming methane with a Ca-based sorbent chemical looping Cu-based oxygen carrier to provide energy for regeneration. Each step studied separately different operating pressures and inlet gas compositions, addition complete cycles (including all three consecutive steps, ...

Background: South Africa is an upper middle-income country with inequitable access to healthcare. There a maldistribution of doctors between the private and public sectors, latter which serves 86% population but has less than half human resources. Objective: The objective this study was estimate specialist surgical workforce density in Africa. Methods:<...

Abstract Ecological injustices are systemic acts and processes of misrepresentation, misrecognition, maldistribution impacts, destruction fundamental capabilities, to both human nonhuman living beings. Unpacking these context-specific requires in-depth explorations people their experiences, perceptions, types knowledge, actions, relations to, for, with beings capacities. To explore injustices-i...

The aims were to examine the gas exchange and arterial blood gas abnormalities among patients with scoliosis, and the correlation of these abnormalities with age and severity of deformity. Means among 51 patients were as follows: age 25.4 +/- 17.5 yr, angle of scoliosis 80.2 +/- 29.9 (SD), vital capacity 1.94 +/- 0.91 (SD) (i.e. 60.6 +/- 19.2% of predicted), PaO2 85.8 +/- 12.0 (SD), PaCO2 42.4 ...

Aminophylline and isoprenaline, two drugs widely used in the managem2nt of asthma, have a pulmonary vasodilator action as well as a bronchodilator action. If regional pulmonary vasoconstriction in poorly ventilated parts of the lungs is a significant compensatory phenomenon in asthma, the effects of administration of these agents on gas exchange would depend on the relative magnitudes of bronch...