It is not clear how policy-making in the field of reproductive health relates to changes associated with programmes for the reform of the health sector in developing countries. There has been little communication between these two areas, yet policy on reproductive health has to be implemented in the context of structural change. This paper examines factors that limit dialogue between the two ar...

Given that we live in highly complex social environments, many of our most important decisions are made in the context of social interactions. Simple but sophisticated tasks from a branch of experimental economics known as game theory have been used to study social decision-making in the laboratory setting, and a variety of neuroscience methods have been used to probe the underlying neural syst...

In this paper basic concepts of machine learning and data mining are introduced. Machine learning algorithms extract knowledge from diverse data bases that can be used to build decision-making systems. For example, based on the operational engineering data, equipment faults can be detected, the number of items to be ordered can be predicted, optimal control parameters can be determined. A frame...

Mucosal drug delivery technique has its own advantages of bypassing the first pass metabolism and minimizing gastric irritation possibilities. In spite being a non invasive route of administration human rectum remains to be relatively unexplored route of drug delivery. The major objective of the current study was to explore the use of different suppository bases i.e. Coca butter and different g...

With development of knowledge bases (KB) there appeared expert systems that use KBs to support them in decision making process. Decision Support Systems, that are the subject of the paper, communicate with knowledge bases by populating them with known facts and receiving newly inferred knowledge. However there exist situations when a DSS receives ambiguous response from knowledge base and needs...

A wheat genomic library was screened with two synthetic oligonucleotides (24 and 25 bases in length) complementary to a partial cDNA clone encoding a glutenin gene [Thompson et al. (1983) Theor. Appl. Genet. 67, 87-96]. Glutenins are large molecular weight aggregated proteins of grain endosperm, and major determinants of bread making quality of wheat. Of the two clones obtained one was fully ch...

Sparse coding exhibits promising performance in speech processing, mainly due to the large number of bases that can be used to represent speech signals. However, the high demand for computational power presents a major obstacle in the case of large datasets, as does the difficulty in utilising information scattered sparsely in high dimensional features. This paper reports the use of an online d...

Micciancio defined a generalization of cyclic lattices, called ideal lattices. These lattices can be used in cryptosystems to decrease the number of parameters necessary to describe a lattice by a square root, making them more efficient. He proves that the computational intractability of classic lattice problems for these lattices gives rise to provably secure one-way and collision-resistant ha...

Constraint-based environments such as configuration systems, recommender systems, and scheduling systems support users in different decision making scenarios. These environments exploit a knowledge base for determining solutions of interest for the user. The development and maintenance of such knowledge bases is an extremely time-consuming and error-prone task. Users often specify constraints w...

The co-existence of heterogeneous but complementary data sources, such as ontologies and databases describing the same domain, is the reality of the Web today. In this paper we argue that this complementarity could be exploited both for discovering the knowledge not captured in the ontology but learnable from the data, and for enhancing the process of ontological reasoning by relying on the com...