Macrophages are specialized cells that control tissue homeostasis. They include non-resident and tissue-resident macrophage populations which characterized by the expression of particular cell surface markers secretion molecules with a wide range biological functions. The differentiation polarization macrophages relies on specific growth factors their receptors. Macrophage-colony stimulating fa...

Macrophages are phagocytes and one of the white blood cells discovered by Ilya I. Mechnikov in 1892. They engulf digest foreign substances like pathogens conduct antigen presentation, mature from haematopoietic stem bone marrow, moving into vessels become monocytes, differentiate macrophages tissue. have intracellular granules called lysosome accumulating digestive enzymes. Their life span is s...

Aim: To investigate near infrared-induced phototoxicity toward lung cancer cells, and the biodegradability effect on immune cells of glucose-derived carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). Methods: The human A549 adenocarcinoma cell line was used as a model to study CNPs. demonstrated in primary neutrophils macrophages. Results: Near infrared-activated CNPs elicited rapid death, characterized by elevation...