How do intellectual property rights (IPR) policies a¤ect international trade? In this paper we consider two of the central results from the model of Lin (2013) (i) that IPR reforms should expand the range of goods exported to a country through the extensive margin of trade and (ii) …rms with more newly developed products should be more sensitive to IPR policies than other innovative …rms. Build...

The cell-adhesion molecule L1 was originally described in the nervous system. It has recently been detected in CD4+ T lymphocytes, peripheral B lymphocytes, and granulocytes in the human immune system and in similar leucocyte types in the murine immune system. L1 mediates neural recognition by Ca+2, Mg+2-independent homophilic binding. In the human and murine immune systems, L1 binds to the "cl...

Truncated tissue factor (tTF), retargeted to tumor vasculature by GNGRAHA peptide (tTF-NGR), and doxorubicin have therapeutic activity against a variety of tumors. We report on combination experiments of both drugs using different schedules. We have tested fluorescence- and HPLC-based intratumoral pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin, flow cytometry for cellular phosphatidylserine (PS) expression, a...

Can sellers credibly signal their private information to reduce frictions in negotiations? Guided by a simple cheap-talk model, we posit that impatient sellers use round numbers to signal their willingness to cut prices in order to sell faster, and test its implications using millions of online bargaining interactions. Items listed at multiples of $100 receive offers that are 5%–8% lower but th...

Verproside, a catalpol derivative iridoid glycoside isolated from Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum, is a biologically active compound with anti-inflammatory, antinociceptic, antioxidant, and anti-asthmatic properties. Twenty-one metabolites were identified in bile and urine samples obtained after intravenous administration of verproside in rats using liquid chromatography-quadrupole ...

We give predictions for the up-down asymmetry in the Nadir angle dependence of the ratio Nμ/Ne of the rates of the μ−like and e−like multi-GeV events measured in water-Čerenkov detectors (Super-Kamiokande, etc.) in the case of 3-neutrino oscillations of the atmospheric νe (ν̄e) and νμ (ν̄μ), driven by one neutrino mass squared difference, |∆matm | ≡ |∆m 2 31| ∼ (2.0 − 3.0) × 10 −3 eV2 ≫ ∆m21 ≡ ∆m...

The segmented tissues of the adult leech arise from a set of five, bilaterally paired embryonic stem cells via a stereotyped sequence of cell lineage. Individual segments exhibit unique patterns of cell differentiation, and previous studies have suggested that each stem cell lineage establishes at least some aspects of its own segmental specificity autonomously. In this paper, we describe a put...

– This paper describes an experimental approach to model an innovation process on the basis of principles and concepts of complexity theory and its possible implications on the outcome of the innovation process. It is part of ongoing research carried out at the University of Nyenrode in the Netherlands, at the Nyenrode Institute of Virtual Education and Knowledge Management. In this paper the i...