OBJECTIVES To review the role of nonbronchiectatic suppurative airway disease (bronchiolitis) in the spectrum of causes of cough and its management. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY A MEDLINE search (through May 2004) for studies published in the English language since 1980 on human subjects using the medical subject heading terms "cough," "causes of cough," "etiology of cough," "interstitial lung disease,...

I dentification of new diseases or a cluster (syndrome) of disorders with very similar pathological, radiological and clinical aspects, even sharing common pathogenic steps, is an important fact to build up the scientific soul of the complex and intriguing art called medicine. In this issue of the European Respiratory Journal, a new distinct syndrome, hypereosinophilic obliterative bronchioliti...

INTRODUCTION Acute bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and toddlers concerning small bronchi or bronchioli. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the incidence of acute bronchiolitis and the use of β(2)-agonists between two different decades. MATERIAL AND METHODS During 1990-1991 and 2001-2002, the files of the 2(nd) Paediatric Emergency Departme...

INTRODUCTION Bronchiolitis is a heterogeneous group of diseases of an inflammatory nature, centered on small conducting airways and often associated with other pulmonary disorders. No single classification scheme for bronchiolar diseases has been widely accepted. In this retrospective study, it was decided to apply a new clinical and pathological interpretative classification. OBJECTIVES To p...

Bronchiolitis is an active area of research across the spectrum from genetic mechanisms to population-based research. Surveillance studies are identifying new causes of bronchiolitis and exploring the role of viral co-infections. The studies have revealed that comorbidities are an important determinant to predict the course of the illness. Also the specific physical findings and diagnostic test...

OBJECTIVE To report the cases of four patients with bronchiolitis caused by exposure to artificial butter flavoring at a cookie factory in Brazil. METHODS We described the clinical, tomographic, and spirometric findings in the four patients, as well as the lung biopsy findings in one of the patients. RESULTS All four patients were young male nonsmokers and developed persistent airflow obstr...

A case of dermatomyositis presented as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia has been rarely reported. We describe a 46-year-old female patient with dermatomyositis without elevation of creatine kinase presented as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. She was treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. Over a 2-year follow-up she has had no elevation of creatine kinase. The pa...

BACKGROUND Acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) including bronchiolitis, is one of the leading causes of pediatric hospital admissions worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that some children with acute bronchiolitis can be successfully managed using home oxygen therapy. AIM To report the impact of a Hospital in The Home Oxygen therapy program (HiTHOx) for selected infants and...

bronchiolitis associated with HIV infection. Chest 1988; 93:201–202 5 Travis WD, Cecil HF, Devaney KO, et al. Lymphoid pneumonitis in 50 adult patients infected with HIV: lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis vs nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. Hum Pathol 1992; 23:529–541 6 Guillon JM, Autran B, Denis M, et al. HIV related lymphocytic alveolitis. Chest 1988; 94:1264–1270 7 McGuinness G, Sch...

Despite being so common, bronchiolitis remains poorly diagnosed and managed. This article is intended as an update on issues pertaining to this condition.