Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term changes in bone density profile among survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients and Methods: This was a 5 year prospective study comprised of thirty-one survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a mean age of 11.8 (4.6) years, who completed therapy at least 1 year previously (according to the ...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants represents an aggressive malignancy associated with a high incidence (approx. 80%) of translocations involving the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) gene. Attempts to mimic Mixed Lineage Leukemia fusion driven leukemogenesis in mice raised the question whether these fusion proteins require secondary hits. RAS mutations are suggested as candidates. Earlier resu...

A primary extramedullary myeloid cell tumor (pEMT) of an inguinal lymph node was completely excised without subsequent anti-tumor therapy in a 6-year-old child. Clinical observation and monitoring of blood and bone marrow (BM) did not reveal any pathologic results before 32 months, when a precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed. Identical T-cell receptor gamma rearrangement in nodal pE...

Lymphocytes incubated with phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A develop the capacity to stimulate autologous lymphocyte transformation. This is not attributable to residual mitogen contaminating the lymphoblastic cell preparation as: (a) the dissociation of mitogen from the lymphoblastic cell preparation increases the degree of stimulation observed and (b) the kinetics of lymphocyte transformat...

EB-virus-specific IgM and IgG antibodies (to virus capsid and soluble complement fixing antigens) were estimated in sera from mothers and sibs of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, from patients with infectious mononucleosis, and from control induviduals. IgM antibodies were present in 12 of 16 mothers and 3 of 4 sibs of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. They were also pres...

Twenty-two patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in second or subsequent remission and 26 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse were given cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg on each of 2 days), total body irradiation (920 rad), and marrow transplants from HLA-identical siblings. With a minimum follow-up of more than 5 yr, an actuarial analysis shows a survival and apparent cure of 27% of th...

Deregulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway is a common event in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is caused by point mutation, gene deletion, and chromosomal translocation of a vast array of gene types, highlighting its importance in leukemia biology. Pathway activation can be therapeutically exploited and may guide new therapies needed for relapsed a...

Daunorubicin has been used in the treatment of six cases of acute lymphoblastic and thirteen cases of acute myeloblastic and mono-myeloblastic leukaemia. Complete remissions were obtained in eight patients, three with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and five with acute myeloblastic leukaemia. Marrow aplasia makes the drug difficult to administer, but no patients died from this cause, in this seri...

Extramedullary recurrences with or without bone marrow involvement are reported in up to a half of leukemic relapses after bone marrow transplantation. Extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the kidney after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is rare. We herein, report an additional case with extramedullary recurrences and renal relapse after first-allograf...

Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (PBLL) is an infrequent subtype of lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) that commonly affected site for the diagnosis is the skin, followed by the head and neck. In this report, we presented a special case of PBLL located at the left arm and detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US). This kind of PBLL is similar to a peripheral nerve...