Abstract: This paper is dedicated to the design of a state estimator for discrete-time Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems affected by unknown inputs and random Gaussian noises. Contrary to the existing work, the observer designed in this paper takes measures at several time steps into account in order to improve the performance (in terms of minimizing the variance estimation error). This ap...

BACKGROUND While studies of HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral treatment (ART) report no sex differences in immune recovery and virologic response but more ART-associated complications in women, sex differences in disease progression and response to ART among children have not been well assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate for sex differences in response to ART in South Afri...

INTRODUCTION Epidemiological studies suggest that some antiretroviral drugs may contribute to increase cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected patients. However, data from Latin American countries are limited, as impact of HAART on cardiovascular risk remains understudied. In this context, we aimed to evaluate if 10-year Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score (FCRS) increases in patients following ex...

BACKGROUND HIV-infected patients administered long-term ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors (PIs) are at a greater risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is an initiating event in HIV-associated atherosclerosis. Cultured endothelial cells can be used as a model to compare the endothelial toxicity of different PIs. METHODS We compared the effect of darunavir (DR...

Background: Left atrial anatomy is highly variable, asymmetric, irregular and three-dimensionally unique. This variability can affect the outcome of atrial ablation. A catalog of anatomic varieties may aid patient selection and ablation approach and provide better tools for left atrial ablation. Methods: We analyzed computed tomography scans from 514 patients undergoing left atrial ablation. Im...

Methods 12 healthy controls (age 9-53 years) and 8 patients (age 8-37 years) with a corrected atrioventricular septal defect and a mean mitral valve regurgitation of 25% (range 1937%) were included. The maximal left atrial volume (LAV) was calculated based on the biplane area-length method from a standardized 2and 4-chamber view. Whole-heart 4D Flow MRI was performed on a 3T MR scanner with fre...

Different representations to describe noise processes and finding connections or equivalence between them have been part of active research for decades, in particular for linear time-invariant case. In this paper the linear parameter-varying (LPV) setting is addressed; starting with the connection between an LPV state-space (SS) representation with a general noise structure and the LPV-SS model...

UNLABELLED Switches from lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) to either atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) or unboosted ATV (ATV) are increasingly common in clinical practice, but data on outcome comparison between these two simplification strategies are very limited. METHODS Multicenter, observational, retrospective study. Data were collected from five Italian clinics. The objective of the study was to inv...

In this paper, a fault tolerant control method for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems using a virtual actuator and a virtual sensor is proposed. The basic idea of the method is to insert a reconfiguration block, which consists of an LPV virtual actuator and an LPV virtual sensor, between the plant and the nominal controller such that the fault tolerant goal is achieved without re-designing ...

This paper proposes a method to obtain a discrete-time LPV (Linear Parameter Varying) controller for a non-linear system represented with the LFT (Linear Fractional Transformation) framework. This synthesis can be integrated into a loop-shaping/LPV approach to obtain a discrete gain-scheduled control law. A detailed application of this method is here performed with a classical example of non-li...