Radiative cooling of the lowest atmospheric levels is strong importance for modulating circulations and organizing convection, but detailed observations a robust theoretical understanding are lacking. Here we use unprecedented observational constraints from subsidence regimes in tropical Atlantic to develop theory shape magnitude low-level longwave radiative clear-sky, showing peaks larger than...

The influence of moisture sorption on spin–spin (T2) relaxation times for skim milk powder (SMP), protein concentrates (MPC50 and MPC80) amorphous lactose was studied by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For MPC80, only one main peak observed in the T2 distribution, whereas SMP MCP50, two peaks, relating to water associated with protein, were at aw <0.4; >0.4 crystallised no visible s...

Surface soil moisture, defined here as the volumetric soil water content in the top 10 cm of the soil, shows a great deal of variability. The variance observed within a square metre can be as large as for a whole field. For that reason alone, point measurements in low quantities cannot be representative for the average soil moisture of a whole field. Soil moisture estimated by remote sensing te...

This study was performed to investigate the effect of storage conditions on seed germination performance of faba bean (cv. Shami). For this purpose, a three factors factorial experiment was conducted in laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, in 2013-2014, based on CRD design with five replications.  The experimental factors were storage temperature...

Soil moisture plays a key role in most environmental processes, as evaporation and transpiration are heavily dependent on soil moisture variability. While it is one of the few important hydrological variables that can be directly observed, the high spatial and temporal variability makes it difficult to measure globally or even regionally. Reliance is therefore placed on land surface models to p...

Moisture content is an important factor in corn breeding and cultivation. A corn breed with low moisture at harvest is beneficial for mechanical operations, reduces drying and storage costs after harvesting and, thus, reduces energy consumption. Nondestructive measurement of kernel moisture in an intact corn ear allows us to select corn varieties with seeds that have high dehydration speeds in ...