Observations of naturally occurring stem rust epidemics and seed yields in perennial ryegrass were taken in 19 field experiments conducted over the course of 9 years. Epidemic severity differed among years and also among experimental treatments (fungicide regimes) within years. In each experiment, attainable yield was represented by the nondiseased treatment, and yields of other treatments were...

ABSTRACT A temperature-response curve for latent-period duration in stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola) on perennial ryegrass and tall fescue was developed from constant-temperature experiments with inoculated plants and evaluated in field experiments. Under constant-temperature conditions, time from infection to 50% of pustules erupted for perennial ryegrass ranged from ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Temperate endophyte-infected (Neotyphodium sp.) grasses have been shown to exhibit an ecological advantage over endophyte-uninfected grasses under abiotic stressful conditions. It is predicted that endophyte-infected plant populations will display higher rates of germination and proportion of germinated seeds under limiting water conditions. METHODS The hydrotime regressio...

Muhammad Adnan SHAHID*, Rashad Mukhtar BALAL, Muhammad Aslam PERVEZ, Tahira ABBAS, Muhammad Anjum AQEEL, Muhammad Mansoor JAVAID, Francisco GARCIA-SANCHEZ Department of Horticulture, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Department of Entomology, University College ...

(1) Ramets of Trifolium repens were sampled from sites in a field of permanent pasture dominated by a mosaic of Lolium perenne, Holcus lanatus, Cynosurus cristatus and Agrostis tenuis. After multiplication of the ramets in a glasshouse, they were transplanted back into the original swards in all combinations of clover 'type' and site of origin. The pre-existing vegetation on the sites was eithe...

2,4-dimethylamine salt (2,4-D) is an herbicide commonly applied on athletic fields for broadleaf weed control that can dislodge from treated turfgrass. Dislodge potential is affected by numerous factors, including turfgrass canopy conditions. Building on previous research confirming herbicide-turfgrass dynamics can vary widely between species, field research was initiated in 2014 and 2015 in Ra...

Within the Oltenia surface mining region of Romania, 14,890 ha have been disturbed and only 1,002 ha have been reclaimed. The majority of this disturbance has involved agricultural land (12,208 ha), of which only a small amount has been reclaimed (552 ha). Forest land disturbed by surface mining in this region amounted to 2,682 ha, of which only 450 ha have been reclaimed. Therefore, huge land ...

Effective population size (N(e)) is the key parameter for predicting genetic drift associated with germplasm regeneration. A major factor reducing N(e) below the census population size (N(c)) is variation in seed production among plants in a given population. The objectives of this study were to estimate N(e)/N(c) associated with variation in seed production in three model wind pollinated, pere...

Punctodera punctata completed its life cycle on Poa annua (annual bluegrass), P. pratensis (Merion Kentucky bluegrass), Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), and Festuca rubra rubra (spreading fescue). Minimum time for completion of a life cycle from second-stage juvenile to mature brown cyst was 40 days at 22-28 C. Inoculation by single juveniles indicated that reproduction was most likely by a...