We consider material bodies exhibiting a response function for free energy, which depends on both the strain and its gradient. Toupin–Mindlin’s gradient elasticity is characterized by Cauchy stress tensors, which are given by space-like Euler–Lagrange derivative of the free energy with respect to the strain. The present paper aims at developing a first version of gradient elasticity of non-Toup...

Strong differences of opinion about the labor supply elasticity prevail. One camp infers that the aggregate labor supply elasticity is large because big fluctuations in aggregate hours of work occur in response to small fluctuations in workers’ productivity over the business cycle (Prescott 2005). Another camp points to estimates of low labor supply elasticities from microeconometric studies of...

In this paper we obtain the constitutive equation for the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor according to the linearized finite theory of elasticity for hyperelastic constrained materials. We show that in such a theory the three stress tensors (Cauchy stress tensor, first and second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor) differ by terms that are first order in the strain, while in classical linear th...

In this paper, we study the correlation of tissue (i.e. prostate) elasticity with the spread and aggression of prostate cancers. We describe an improved, in-vivo method that estimates the individualized, relative tissue elasticity parameters directly from medical images. Although elasticity reconstruction, or elastograph, can be used to estimate tissue elasticity, it is less suited for in-vivo ...

Filopodia have a key role in sensing both chemical and mechanical cues in surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, quantitative understanding is still missing in the filopodial mechanosensing of local ECM stiffness, resulting from dynamic interactions between filopodia and the surrounding 3D ECM fibers. Here we present a method for characterizing the stiffness of ECM that is sensed by f...

In this study we test the hypothesis that mechanically elastic regions in a virus particle (or large biomolecular complex) must coincide with conformationally dynamic regions, because both properties are intrinsically correlated. Hypothesis-derived predictions were subjected to verification by using 19 variants of the minute virus of mice capsid. The structural modifications in these variants r...

Let H be a Krull monoid with infinite cyclic class group G and let GP ⊂ G denote the set of classes containing prime divisors. We study under which conditions on GP some of the main finiteness properties of factorization theory—such as local tameness, the finiteness and rationality of the elasticity, the structure theorem for sets of lengths, the finiteness of the catenary degree, and the exist...

in this paper, the stability characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) under the action of axial load are investigated. to this end, a nonlocal flügge shell model is developed to accommodate the small length scale effects. the analytical rayleigh-ritz method with beam functions is applied to the variational statement derived from the flügge-type buckling equations. molecular dy...

elastic solutions applicable to single underground openings usually suffer from geometry related simplification. most tunnel shapes possess two axes of symmetry while a wide range of geometries used in tunneling practice involve only one symmetry axis. d-shape or horse-shoe shape tunnels and others with arched roof and floor are examples of the later category (one symmetry axis). in the present...