A posterolateral thoracotomy incision which spares the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles and provides adequate exposure for major thoracic procedures and structures in the posterior hilum is described. Preservation of these accessory muscles of respiration results in improved respiratory dynamics, decreased postoperative pain, and early recovery.

Hiatal herniation caused by contraction of the longitudinal muscle of the oesophagus has been prevented by disconnecting the local vagal nerve supply while preserving the vagal connections to more distant organs. A selective oesophageal vagotomy above the lung hilum may prove an effective adjunct to orthodox hiatal hernia repair in man.

We report a case of renal hemangiopericytoma occurring in renal sinus and expanding to the renal hilum. This unusual presentation caused misinterpretation of this tumor as transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis clinically. The patient who was a 30-year-old woman had a relatively well demarcated solid tumor, 8 x 6 cm, in the renal sinus of the left kidney.

A case of hypertension in a young woman caused by an extra-adrenal phaeochromocytoma (EAP) situated in the hilum of the left kidney is reported. Surgical removal of the EAP resulted in control of the patient's hypertension without further drug treatment. The clinical features, diagnostic work-up and management of EAP are briefly discussed.

BACKGROUND Though foreign body (FB) aspiration or ingestion is not uncommon in children, a straight pin as the culprit FB is rarely seen. The nature of such a FB makes it sometimes difficult to diagnose and deal with, especially in children. CASE REPORT Here we present such a case who was initially misdiagnosed with FB ingestion but turned out to be an aspiration case. Moreover, its remote lo...

Two cases of adrenocortical heterotopia are reported. One is in a full-term placenta. The other is adjacent to the ovarian hilum of an adult. Both are incidental findings. Despite sharing similar histological and immunological features, they show different growth patterns. The literature is reviewed and adrenocortical heterotopias of different locations are compared. New hypotheses of its histo...

We read with interest the article by Ray S. et al. recently published in JOP. Journal of the Pancreas [1]. We agree with authors that given the rarity and intermittent course of hemosuccus pancreaticus, difficulties in determining the location of bleeding sometimes cause delay of treatment. Until now, reports on hemosuccus pancreaticus in transplant population have been quite limited. Therefore...

Physiological [2] and behavioral [3,6] studies of the sensory function of liver have suggested that afferents other than those in the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve (HBVN) may be significant in the control of relevant homeostatic processes. In particular, Niijima [2] has provided preliminary evidence for an additional vagal afferent projection from the liver contained within the hepatic bran...