BACKGROUND Human exposure to phenols, including bisphenol A and parabens, is widespread. Evidence suggests that paternal exposure to environmental chemicals may adversely affect reproductive outcomes. OBJECTIVES We evaluated associations of paternal phenol urinary concentrations with fertilization rate, embryo quality, implantation, and live birth. METHODS Male-female couples who underwent ...

OBJECTIVES This article examines trends in teenage pregnancy in Canada, focussing on induced abortions, live births and fetal loss among women aged 15 to 19 in 1997. DATA SOURCES The data come from the Hospital Morbidity Data Base and the Canadian Vital Statistics Data Base at Statistics Canada, and the annual Therapeutic Abortion Survey, conducted by the Canadian Institute for Health Informa...

UNLABELLED can improve the rates of clinical pregnancy and live birth, but the optimal duration of treatment remains controversial. The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of early progesterone cessation on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing IVF/ICSI. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Chinese b...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to use simple clinical questions to group women and provide their specific rates of miscarriage, preterm delivery, and stillbirth for reference. Further, our purpose was to describe who has experienced particularly low or high rates of each event. METHODS Data were collected as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a national prospective cohort. Repr...

OBJECTIVE To estimate whether alcohol use at the initiation of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle is associated with IVF outcomes. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, men and women completed a self-administered questionnaire before their first IVF cycle. Participants reported alcohol type, amount, and frequency consumed. Discrete survival analysis was applied to calculate the odds ra...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects an estimated 3.5 million persons in the United States (1), making it the most common bloodborne infection in the country. Recent surveillance data showed increased rates of HCV infection among adolescents and adults who are predominantly white, live in nonurban areas, and have a history of injection drug use.* U.S. birth certificate data were used to analyze tren...

BACKGROUND The outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been widely investigated over the last 30 years, but evaluation was mostly based on pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval. Our objective was to estimate the cumulative live birth rate after four IVF aspirations, using multiple imputation that takes into account treatment interruptions. METHODS We analysed data from 3037 couples beginnin...

STUDY QUESTION Does a primary Caesarean section influence the rate of, and time to, subsequent live birth compared with vaginal delivery? SUMMARY ANSWER Caesarean section was associated with a reduction in the rate of subsequent live birth, particularly among elective and maternal-requested Caesareans indicating maternal choice plays a role. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Several studies have examin...

BACKGROUND The association among hereditary thrombophilia, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and obstetric complications is yet uncertain. The objective of the study was to assess the prognostic value of the factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin (PT) mutations for the subsequent chance of live birth for women with RPL. METHODS Pregnancy outcome was recorded in a retrospective cohort of 363 women...

Births According to provisional reports, an estimated 340,000 births occurred in the United States during April 1997. This was an 8-percent increase from the provisional number of births reported for April 1996 (314,000). The birth rate, 15.5 live births per 1,000 population, was 7 percent higher than the rate of 14.5 for April 1996. The fertility rate, 69.4 live births per 1,000 women 15–44 ye...