solute transport in unsaturated porous media can be viewed as a coupled phenomenon with waterand heat transport, together with mechanical behaviour of media. in this paper, solute transport is formulatedmathematically considering heat and water flow in deformable porous media. advection, dispersion anddiffusion of chemical species in the liquid phase are considered. convection and conduction fo...

Diamond is potentially a suitable material for use as radiation dosimeter; the wide band gap results in low dark currents and low sensitivity to visible light, the high carrier mobility can give rapid response, the very high density of strong bonds in the crystal structure make diamond very resistant to radiation damage; moreover it is tissue equivalent. The more recent advances in the synthesi...

background: 66ga (t1/2=9.49 h, β+: 4.153 mev, γ: 511, 834, 1039, 2752 kev) has a wide range of applications in different fields of medical sciences. production of 66ga became one of our main interests, according to its increasing applications in nuclear medicine, particularly in pet imaging. materials and methods: 66 zn (p,n)66ga reaction was determined as the best choice for the production of ...

Proton pencil beam scanning is a dynamic delivery technique with excellent conformability to the tumor volume. The accuracy of spot size and positions will have significant effect on delivered dose distribution. We employed polymer gel dosimeters measure for Shanghai Advanced Therapy facility (SAPT). Polymer (MAGAT-f PAGAT) were utilized full width at half maximum (FWHM) various depths basis th...

Solid-liquid interfaces are extensively encountered in materials processing and applications. The structure and properties of these interfaces affect solidification, wetting behavior, and crystalline growth mechanisms, including epitaxial growth. The exact structural and chemical nature of these interfaces has been historically difficult to study at high resolution due to the fact that one phas...

Quantum-chemical processes in liquid environments impact broad areas of science, from molecular biology to geology to electrochemistry. While densityfunctional theory (DFT) has enabled efficient quantum-mechanical calculations which profoundly impact understanding of atomic-scale phenomena, realistic description of the liquid remains a challenge. Here, we present an approach based on joint dens...

Liquid-infused surfaces display advantageous properties that are normally associated with conventional gas-cushioned superhydrophobic surfaces. However, the surfaces can lose their novel properties if the infused liquid drains from the surface. We explore how drainage due to gravity or due to an external flow can be prevented through the use of chemical patterning. A small area of the overall s...

Broadening of spectral lines is a signature of chemical exchange phenomena on microsecond to millisecond time scales but has deleterious effects on spectral resolution and sensitivity. A multipulse method based on chemical shift scaling that reduces chemical exchange broadening during frequency-encoding periods of liquid-state multidimensional NMR experiments is described. The proposed scheme u...

BACKGROUND Purpose of the present work was to investigate thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) response to intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) beams. In an IOERT treatment, a large single radiation dose is delivered with a high dose-per-pulse electron beam (2-12 cGy/pulse) during surgery. To verify and to record the delivered dose, in vivo dosimetry is a mandatory procedure for qua...