We approach cross-lingual question answering by using a mono-lingual QA system for the source language and by translating resulting answers into the target language. As far as we are aware, this is the first cross-lingual QA system in the history of CLEF that uses this method—all other cross-lingual QA systems known to us use translation of the question or query instead. We demonstrate the feas...

Cancer of the tongue or the floor of the mouth sometimes metastasizes to the lingual lymph node. We present two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth who developed metastases to the lateral lingual lymph nodes. Case 1, a 62-year old male, had squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth (T3N2cM0). He underwent tumor resection and bilateral neck dissection, and his...

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to use a 3-dimensional (3D) system to compare molar relationship assessments performed from the buccal and lingual aspects, and to measure differences in occlusal contact areas between Class II and Class I molar relationships. METHODS Study casts (232 pairs from 232 subjects, yielding a total of 380 sides) were evaluated from both the buccal and lingual a...

This paper presents a comparison of the morphological structure of the filiform papillae in New Zealand white rabbits as domestic mammals and Egyptian fruit bats as wild mammals. This study was carried out on the tongues of adult healthy New Zealand white rabbits and Egyptian fruit bats of both sexes. There were four types of lingual papillae in both animals. In the Egyptian fruit bats, there w...

Palatal augmentation prostheses are commonly used in the treatment for dysphagia. By lowering the palatal contours, the tongue contact is increased and thus the bolus propulsion facilitated. However, the unfavourable weight of such appliances may be avoided when using lingual plates. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of two different types of lingual plates on the vertic...