In order to calibrate the Super-Kamiokande experiment for solar neutrino measurements, a linear accelerator (LINAC) for electrons was installed at the detector. LINAC data were taken at various positions in the detector volume, tracking the detector response in the variables relevant to solar neutrino analysis. In particular, the absolute energy scale is now known with less than 1% uncertainty.

A review of the strategy and the results for the physics validation of Geant4 and Fluka detector simulation engines for LHC applications is presented. The main focus is on hadronic physics, where most of the efforts are currently concentrated. In particular, comparisons between simulation and test-beam data for the most relevant calorimeter observables, for different experiments and detector te...

NASA has recognized the need for making additional heavy-ion collision measurements at the U.S. Brookhaven National Laboratory in order to support further improvement of several particle physics transport-code models for space exploration applications. FLUKA has been identified as one of these codes and we will review the nature and status of this investigation as it relates to high-energy heav...

Purpose Radiotherapy plays an important role for the treatment of tumor diseases in two-thirds all cases, but it is limited by side effects surrounding healthy tissue. Proton minibeam radiotherapy (pMBRT) a promising option to widen therapeutic window control at reduced effects. An accelerator concept based on existing tandem Van de Graaff and linac enables focusing 70 MeV protons form minibeam...

The study of the SPL (Superconducting Proton Linac), a 4 MW / 2.2 GeV H linac, began at CERN in 1999. Based on the large inventory of RF equipment decommissioned from the LEP (Large Electron Positron collider), it was originally proposed as an upgrade to the injector complex for the high energy accelerators. Since that time, the proposal has attracted the interest of an increasing number of phy...

G. Battistoni, M.V. Garzelli, E. Gadioli, S. Muraro, P.R. Sala, A. Fassò, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, F. Cerutti, J. Ranft, L.S. Pinsky, A. Empl, M. Pelliccioni and R. Villari INFN, Sezione di Milano and Università di Milano, Dip. di Fisica, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy SLAC, Stanford, CA 94025, US CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Siegen University, Fachbereich 7 Physik, D-57068 Siegen...

The Monte Carlo program FLUKA was used to calculate the number of muons reaching detection level in events initiated by primary cosmic gamma ray interactions in the atmosphere. The calculation was motivated by the desire to gauge the sensitivity of arrays like that of Project GRAND to primary gamma cosmic rays while measuring single muons at detection level. Because direct gamma pair production...

Background and purposeVacuum cushion immobilization is commonly used during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to reduce intrafraction motion. We investigated target bony anatomy motion (translations rotations) online adaptive SBRT on an MR-linac for pelvic/para-aortic lymph node metastases with without vacuum cushion.Materials methodsThirty-nine patients underwent 5x7 Gy a 1.5T MR-linac, 19...

In Korea, when replacing or discarding parts of a medical linear accelerator (linac), self-disposal is required in the consideration activity, but there no standard regulation to manage radioactive waste. The aim this study check activity each part determine disposal time according clearance level for self-disposal. results measuring components linac head disposed Varian, Elekta, and Siemens eq...