Electric power failures in the aftermath of disasters cripple the delivery of critical emergency services. While emergency generators are available in some facilities, these systems are designed for short-term use and support limited functions. The substantial investment required to ensure emergency power for all critical services is difficult to justify because of the uncertainty associated wi...

Energy resources saving policy in municipal housing economy (MHE) is a priority in the national economy of Russia. It is aimed at reduction of costs for housing stock maintenance and operation and for optimization of housing and municipal services payment system. Suggested in the article is the organizational and economical mechanism of energy resources saving management in MHE, including funct...

Household food insecurity (HFI) is a persistent public health problem affecting 3.8 million Canadians. While the causes of HFI are rooted in income insecurity, solutions to HFI have been primarily food-based, with the bulk of activity occurring at the municipal level across Canada. We conceptualize these municipal-level actions as falling within three models: "charitable", "household improvemen...

More than a billion people have limited access to safe drinking water; over 2 million die each year from water-related diarrhea, which is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in less economically developed countries (UNICEF and WHO, 2009). In more economically developed countries, increasing demands on water resources raise concerns about sustainable provision of safe drinking w...

Eff ective management of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Pacifi c developing member countries (DMCs) is diffi cult because of several country-specifi c characteristics. These include limited land area, customary land ownership; environmental fragility; limited human and fi nancial capacity; and in some countries, a heavy reliance on tourism. The challenges mean that selecting technologies that a...

The conjecture that one way function exists is an open problem, the resolution of which holds the key for the solution of many unsolved problems in mathematics and cryptography. This paper presents the introduction of one way functions from complexity & modern cryptography theory viewpoint and their significance in cryptographic applications and research. This paper presents the features and li...

We compare the interactive experiences of two public infrastructures — situated displays and a municipal wireless network — using a conceptual framework of place, experience and embodiment. Using the framework as a point of reference, we can begin to address some inherent design issues in these technologies. Consequently, we argue that urban technologies which take into account their environmen...