BACKGROUND Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), including the common cold and rhinosinusitis, are common afflictions that cause discomfort and debilitation, and contribute significantly to workplace absenteeism. Treatment is generally by antipyretic and mucolytic drugs, and often antibiotics, even though most infections are viral. Nasal irrigation with saline is often employed as a...

concerning limitation of water resources, determination of the least water that can lead to the maximum yield is of great importance in crop production. in order to evaluate effects of deficit irrigation on grain yield and water use efficiency of some wheat )triticum aestivum) cultivars under different climatic conditions, two similar field experiments were conducted in 2004 in agricultural res...

The effects of soybean seeding rates on evapotranspiration (ETc) and grass- alfalfa-reference crop coefficients (Kco Kcr) were investigated under five (185,250, 247,000, 308,750, 370,500 432,250 seeds ha−1) (62, 82, 103, 124 144% the recommended rate 300,000 ha−1 in experimental region) different irrigation strategies (i.e. full treatment [FIT], limited 75% FIT 50% rainfed treatment). Kco Kcr v...

1 We hypothesized that severe drought affects the structure of tropical forests by favouring seedlings of some species or groups at the expense of others. To test this hypothesis, we irrigated naturally occurring woody seedlings during an El Niño-related drought in seasonal moist tropical forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We predicted that irrigated plots would retain greater species ric...

* Corresponding author. [email protected] Abstract – Previous studies have shown that irrigation can impact the near-surface climate, but none refer to the differences in the impacts of irrigation types such as flooding and spraying. In this study, we add a novel irrigation module to the recently released community land model 4.0 and simulate irrigation in two ways: first, by spraying water...