Cross education is the process whereby training of one limb gives rise to increases in the subsequent performance of its opposite counterpart. The execution of many unilateral tasks is associated with increased excitability of corticospinal projections from primary motor cortex (M1) to the opposite limb. It has been proposed that these effects are causally related. Our aim was to establish whet...

BACKGROUND Anatomic limb alignment often differs from mechanical limb alignment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We sought to assess the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity for each of three commonly used ranges for anatomic limb alignment (3-9°, 5-10° and 2-10°) in predicting an acceptable range (neutral ± 3°) for mechanical limb alignment after TKA. We also assessed whether the accurac...

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of smoking on speed and coordination of upper-limb movement. Methods: A total of 62 healthy, young individuals were randomly selected for participation in this study. Out of total subjects, 31 were smokers with a mean age 20.84 years and 31 were non-smokers with a mean age 19.97 years and placed in group A and group B, respective...

Objectives: Knowledge about gender differences in intra-limb coordination during walking provides insight into the adaptability of central nervous system for controlling gait in older adults. We assessed the variability and phase dynamic of the intra-limb coordination in older men and women during walking. Methods: Twenty two older people, 11 female and 11 male, participated in this study. T...

background: skeletal anomalies rate are increasing, especially among young people. the aim of this study was to investigate skeletal anomalies among male and female students in the middle school of the bayangan region kermanshah iran.  methods: 260 students from guidance schools in bayangan region (120 girls and 140 boys) participated in this study. using posture screen and new york test the sk...

unlike the islamic code (approved 1370/1991) in which no suitable attention had been paid to the rule of interference of retaliation, the islamic punishment code (approved 1392/2013) has discussed this rule as well as the rule of interference of blood-moneys in details and in which some innovations may be seen. in spite of increase in the number of articles concerning this rule, some innovation...

Acute limb ischaemia is both a limb-threatening and life-threatening surgical emergency. The clinical presentation of acute limb ischaemia can vary depending on the underlying aetiology as well as pathophysiology. While traumatic acute limb ischaemia becomes obvious in a trauma victim, nontraumatic ischaemia can be easily mistaken for other neurological or medical conditions. The rapidity with ...

Three case histories are presented in which amputees with acute or chronic phantom limb pain and phantom limb sensation were treated with Western medical acupuncture, needling the asymptomatic intact limb. Two out of the three cases reported complete relief of their phantom limb pain and phantom limb sensation. Acupuncture was successful in treating phantom phenomena in two of these cases, but ...