Recreating real places – as distinct from virtual spaces or environments – using virtual reality technology raises a series of significant challenges. Fortunately there is a large body of existing research into the experience of place which might reasonably contribute to our understanding of the task. This paper reviews key aspects of the 'place' literature, relates them to the concept of prese...

High-performance Placement and Routing for the Nanometer Scale

Due to rapid growth of urbanization and economic demand, we are continuously losing our fields,our free lands, open sky, ponds, lakes; actually our breathing spaces. Sometimes for zoning policies, migration ortransferal of a particular business or activity, a place like waterfronts, body of water, military or industrial sites can lostits importance, kept vacant and become a dead place. These ar...

Introduction: The hippocampus (HIP), the primary brain structure related to learning and memory, receives sparse but comprehensive dopamine innervations and contains dopamine D1/D2-like receptors. It is demonstrated that dopamine receptors in dentate gyrus (DG) region of HIP have a remarkable function in spatial reward processing. Much less is known about the involvement of HIP and its D1...

The most common kind of collections for GIR so far are the Web and other document collections, which are mainly textual. This paper is concerned with the non-trivial relationship between reference to place in natural language (NL) and common GIR assumptions. There are two main ways in which NL texts and GIR meet: in the attempt to derive or populate geo-ontologies from text itself, and in the a...