Human umbilical cord matrix (hUCM) is considered as a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to several advantages over other tissues. The potential of neural differentiation of hUCM-MSCs is of great interest in the context of treating neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, considerable efforts have been made to establish in vitro conditions for improving the different...

Introduction: MS disease destroys the myelin of the central nervous system. MS causing damage to the myelin sheath of the brain and the spinal cord. The mechanism is hurt by the immune system .and disruption of myelin producing cells or disconnect interconnected processes by disconnect inner white. MS is an autoimmune disease when leukocyte antigen system varies autoimmune disease like MS ...

Background: Patients with unclassified hypogammaglobulinemia (UCH) constitute a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma, because information concerning the clinical and immunological characteristics of these patients is insufficient. Objective: To evaluate B-cell subsets in cases with UCH and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and their association with treatment requirement in UCH patients. Me...

the gastric inflammatory fibroid polyp (ifp) is a rare benign tumor of unknown etiology that is localized mainly in the antrum and presents endoscopically as submucosal mass. the lesion manifests as abdominal pain, weight loss, bleeding, dyspeptic symptoms, and iron deficiency anemia. we report a case of gastric ifp presented with microcytic anaemia, dyspepsia, malena and weight loss. endoscopy...

Background: The role of mesenchymal stem cell in cellular therapy is the subject of interest for many researchers. The differentiation potential of MSCs and abilities in modulations of the recipient’s immune system makes them important cells in tissue regenerative studies. MSCs by releasing the proinflammatory cytokines play important role in immunomodulatory systems; however the signaling path...

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To find a relationship between M...

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) constitute a major part of innate immunity, which can distinguish pathogen associate molecular pattern. Sertoli cells create a special immunological niche that protects somniferous tubules from auto antigens and pathogens. These cells are the only somatic cells in somniferous that protect testis cells against pathogens. The purpose of this study was to eva...