Juxtafacet cysts are an uncommon cause of radiculopathy. They occur most frequently in the lumbar region, and their distribution across the spine correlates with mobility. Haemorrhagic complications are rare and may occur in the absence of any provocation, although there is some association with anticoagulation and trauma. We present a case of acute radiculopathy due to an L5/S1 juxtafacet cyst...

Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (T-OLF) is a relatively rare spinal disorder that generally requires surgical intervention, due to its progressive nature and the poor response to conservative therapy. The prevalence of OLF has been reported at 3.8%-26%, which is similar to that of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). The progression of OPLL after c...

The epidural space contains the internal vertebral venous plexus, adipose, and other connective tissues. In the anatomical literature, there are nonspecific descriptions of varying fibrous connective tissue bands in the epidural space, mainly mentioned in the lumbar region, that tether the dural sac to the posterior longitudinal ligament, the vertebral canal, and the ligamentum flavum. These li...

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a rare manifestation and when causing myelopathy it affects essentially the thoracic spine1. Only a few cases of symptomatic cervical disease have been reported, with all patients being Japanese2. The first OLF case reported in a Caucasian was performed by Parekh et al., in 19933. Since then, 19 cases have been reported in Caucasian patients and al...

Introduction: Over time, the body, including spine, undergoes anatomical and morphological changes. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a good modality to analyse degenerative processes by evaluating joint deformity fat accumulation in bone muscle. We studied MR images from 22 patients diagnosed with spondylolisthesis at level L4-5 characterise factors that cause spondylolisthesis, disc degenera...

INTRODUCTION Acoustic emission (AE) sensors record dynamic stress waves generated from release of energy in a material, such as a fracture [1]. These have been used to detect the time of fracture of skull and lower extremity bones [2-3]; however they have not been used to detect and differentiate between dynamic bone fractures and ligament injuries in the spine. The objective of this study was ...

Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) was first described in 1954 by Verbiest, followed by the currently accepted international classification of LSCS in 1976 by Arnoldi. Briefly, LSCS is a nervous system syndrome that is characterized by neural symptoms in the lower extremities due to tightened cauda equina and spinal nerve root involvement. LSCS international classification consists of: (1) deg...

A series of 14 patients with a protruded thoracic intervertebral disc is reported. We believe that the true incidence may be as high as one patient per million population per annum. Trauma, sometimes mild, seems to have played a significant role in this series. This fact coupled with pronounced numbness and disagreeable paraesthesiae should suggest the diagnosis with thoracic spinal lesions. Ar...