The Ehlers Danlos syndromes (EDS) comprise a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by tissue fragility of the skin, ligaments, blood vessels and internal organs. Variable degrees of clinical severity and organ involvement are due to the molecular and biochemical heterogeneity of this group of disorders and have led to classification into well-characterized subtypes that are extendi...

"Spinal Cord Injury without Radiographic Abnormality" (SCIWORA) is a term that denotes objective clinical signs of posttraumatic spinal cord injury without evidence of fracture or malalignment on plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of the spine. SCIWORA is most commonly seen in children with a predilection for the cervical spinal cord due to the increased mobility of the cervical spi...

Down's syndrome is associated with a number of musculoskeletal abnormalities, some of which predispose patients to early symptomatic arthritis of the hip. The purpose of the present study was to review the general and hip-specific factors potentially compromising total hip replacement (THR) in patients with Down's syndrome, as well as to summarise both the surgical techniques that may anticipat...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a secondary reduction of the femoral component size on flexion and extension gaps intraoperatively in posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty (PS-TKA) monitored by computer-assisted surgery. The authors hypothesized that cutting additional bone on the posterior femoral condyle may increase the extension gap due to the posterior capsul...

INTRODUCTION Inflammation of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) is a fundamental clinical feature of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). The anatomy of the irregularly shaped SIJ is complex with an antero-inferior cartilaginous compartment containing central hyaline and peripheral fibrocartilage, and a dorso-superior ligamentous compartment. Several scoring modules to systematically assess SIJ magnetic res...

Several non-invasive techniques have been developed to assess anterior-posterior (A-P) laxity of the knee, however, their accuracy remains unclear. Roentgen Stereophotogrammetry Analysis (RSA) is a three-dimensional motion analysis method that has been shown to be an accurate tool for evaluating joint kinematics. Thus. RSA provides a means that can be used to evaluate other less invasive techni...

While the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is considered one of the most important ligaments for providing knee joint stability, its influence on rotational laxity is not fully understood and its role in resisting rotation at different flexion angles in vivo remains unknown. In this prospective study, we investigated the relationship between in vivo passive axial rotational laxity and knee flex...

From the onset of puberty, females are at a greater risk of sustaining a non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture than males [1]. One factor commonly associated with greater ACL injury risk is increased passive knee laxity and the accompanying decrease in knee joint stability [2]. Females tend to display fluctuations in knee laxity across the menstrual cycle [3] as well as greater a...

The assessment of the shoulder anterior-posterior laxity has been performed using an instrumented mechanical device. The anterior-posterior translation measurement facilitates the generation of normative data of non-pathologic shoulders in a healthy population. The descriptive laboratory study has also investigated the impact of gender and exercise frequency on shoulder laxity. The glenohumeral...

We have studied changes in peripheral joint laxity occurring during pregnancy in 68 females using both the finger hyperextensometer to quantify laxity at the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger and Beighton et al.'s modification of the Carter and Wilkinson scoring system. Although the latter system recorded no change, the more sensitive hyperextensometer demonstrated a significant inc...