Lexicography has much to contribute to the information and knowledge society. The very essence of lexicography is its capacity to provide quick and easy access to data from which information needed by different types of users in different types of social situations can be retrieved. In this respect, the article discusses the concepts of information and knowledge related to lexicographic theory....

among the questions under consideration on the subject of the influence of qur'an over the shaping of literary sciences, is the subject of the influence of qur'an over the shaping of lexicography. in this case, two distinct viewpoints have been explained: the first viewpoint is that the source of all lexicographic studies is undoubtedly the very qur'an, and the second viewpoint i...

Conventional models of single district plurality elections show that with three parties anything can happen extreme policies can win regardless of voter preferences. I show that when there are multiple district elections for a legislature we get back to a world where the median voter matters: an extreme policy will generally only come about if it is preferred by the median voter in a majority o...

We consider a multilateral bargaining game in which the agents can be classified into two groups according to their instantaneous preferences. In one of these groups there is one agent with a different discount factor. We analyze how this time-preference heterogeneity may generate multiplicity of equilibria. When such an agent is sufficiently more patient than the rest, there is an equilibrium ...

Th e In st it u t e of E con om ic Resea r ch H it ot su ba shi Un iversity Ku n it a ch i, Tokyo, 186-8603 J a pa n Summary. In this paper, criticizing the welfarist's framework in traditional welfare economics which provides a rather limited perspective for social evaluation, we propose a more comprehensive framework in which extended social ordering functions (ESOFs) are introduced. In this ...

Passive and Active Compensability Multicriteria ANalysis (PACMAN) is a multiple criteria methodology based on a decision maker oriented notion of compensation, called compensability. An important feature of PACMAN is a possible asymmetry of the connected decision procedure, since compensability is determined for each ordered pair of criteria, distinguishing the compensating criterion from the c...

Ptolemaic graphs are those satisfying the Ptolemaic inequality for any four vertices. The graph class coincides with the intersection of chordal graphs and distance hereditary graphs. It can also be seen as a natural generalization of block graphs (and hence trees). In this paper, we first state a laminar structure of cliques, which leads to its canonical tree representation. This result is a t...

It is an open question whether tight closure commutes with localization in quotients of a polynomial ring in finitely many variables over a field. Katzman [K] showed that tight closure of ideals in these rings commutes with localization at one element if for all ideals I and J in a polynomial ring there is a linear upper bound in q on the degree in the least variable of reduced Gröbner bases in...