Abstract On one account, courts ought to enforce legislative intent only when the public meaning of text statute is unclear, and on another they should even clear. In this paper, I argue against both approaches. My argument rests considerations related moral authority democratically made law. More specifically, that those which make democratic law morally authoritative entail judges meaning, cl...

Professor Rubin's article is an admirable piece of work on many levels, from its attention to jurisprudence to its concern with the practical changes in the Congress and its function, and their implications. In commenting on it, I mean to restrict myself to the latter subjects. These are the matters that have the closest tangency to my own work and produce for me the strongest response. Profess...

This article discusses theoretical research on abstraction methods that describe the contents of laws at an abstract level above the code. Abstractions are useful for several purposes, for instance to determine the normative essence of an existing law, which is interesting from the viewpoint of legal theory. In legislative drafting deep structures are intermediate formalizations between the nor...

PROBLEM This paper argues that it is necessary to strengthen Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AA and NHPI) community-based participatory research (CBPR) models that integrate a health policy agenda through dynamic legislative partnerships. PURPOSE We utilize a case study approach and examine three health research partnership models that impact legislative design and acti...

Students involved in this university-state association collaboration have expressed excitement in helping to create progressive changes for occupational therapists and their consumers. After graduation, many of these students have continued their participation in IOTA's legislative committee and have assumed leadership roles in other IOTA activities. IOTA has benefited from this collaboration i...

Reciprocity norm in the U.S. Congress and state assemblies has been studied extensively. By contrast, obedience norms frequently observed in many legislative bodies outside the United States have received relatively little attention. We seek to provide an evolutionary account of obedience norms. Drawing on a detailed observation of the legislative game in the Korean National Assembly, we model ...

Recent interest in reducing budget deficits raises questions regarding the impact on legislative bargaining of cuts versus increases in government spending. Using an experimental design where the outcomes are theoretically isomorphic results in significant differences in bargaining outcomes: There are longer delays in reaching agreement with cuts than with increases, along with which legislativ...

deep economic and social developments in two recent centuries beside other important alterations, created important changes in contracting aria among them placing weak and strong parties against each other in contracts. freedom of contract, that before enjoided from some kind of sancity,could not provid contractual justice in this new conditions. therefore adjustment of this tool(contract) in a...