Urdbean leaf crinkle disease (ULCD) caused by an ungrouped virus is a destructive and serious of urdbean(Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). commonly infected distinguished the symptoms extreme crinkling, curling, puckering, rugosity leaves, stunting plants malformation floral organs. An intensive survey was conductedduring year of2018-2019 in major blackgram growing districts Tamil Nadu viz., Pudukkotta...

BACKGROUND The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) causes dramatic damage to plants by transmitting yield-limiting virus diseases. Previous studies proved that the tomato breeding line ABL 14-8 was resistant to B. tabaci, the vector of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). This resistance is based on the presence of type IV glandular trichomes and acylsucrose production. These trichomes deter se...

Parasites can take over their hosts and trigger dramatic changes in host appearance and behavior that are typically interpreted as extended phenotypes that promote parasite survival and fitness. For example, Toxoplasma gondii is thought to manipulate the behaviors of infected rodents to aid transmission to cats and parasitic trematodes of the genus Ribeiroia alter limb development in their amph...

Begomoviruses are plant-infecting viruses, which are transmitted by the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci. They have a genome of single-stranded DNA that consists of either a single (monopartite) or two components (bipartite) with a component size of approximately 2.8 kb. Many monopartite begomoviruses in the Old World have been found to be associated with betasatellite and alphasatellite molecule...

Detailed one-dimensional multilayer biosphereatmosphere models, also referred to as CANVEG models, are used for more than a decade to describe coupled watercarbon exchange between the terrestrial vegetation and the lower atmosphere. Within the present study, a modified CANVEG scheme is described. A generic parameterization and characterization of biophysical properties of Amazon rain forest can...

The synthesis of nanoparticles from biological processes is evolving a new era of research interests in nanotechnology. The aim of this study was to determined antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles produced by Rosmarinus officinalis L leaf extract against some human pathogenic bacteria. The formation and characterisation of AgNPs were confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, energy-dispersive...