Tropospheric ozone, derived from the Scan-Angle Method (SAM) and the Convective Cloud Differential (CCD) method, exhibits a noticeable abundance over the South Atlantic, where it is associated with biomass-burning in the austral spring. This feature is also seen in the distribution of carbon monoxide observed from Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT). In the boreal burning seas...

At its meeting on September 17, 2002, you asked the National Research Council’s Burning Plasma Assessment Committee (BPAC) to report in December on two aspects of its charge and to comment on whether the United States should reenter the negotiations on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), an international burning plasma experiment. This interim report, submitted in respo...

Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests of the Gulf Coastal Plain historically burned every 2–4 years with low intensity fires, which maintained open stands with herbaceous dominated understories. During the early and mid 20th century however, reduced fire frequency allowed fuel to accumulate and hardwoods to increase in the midstory and overstory layers, while woody shrubs gained underst...

In many contracting settings, actions costly to one party but with no direct benefits to the other (money-burning) may be part of the explicit or implicit contract. A leading example is bureaucratic procedures in an employer-employee relationship. We study a model of delegation with an informed agent, where the principal may impose money-burning on the agent as a function of the agent’s choice ...

Information on the effect of open-field burning of agricultural residues on ambient black carbon (BC) mass and size-resolved particle number concentrations is scarce. In this study, to understand the effect of such open-field burning on short-term air quality, real-time variations of the BC mass and size-resolved particle number concentrations were monitored before and during a corn straw open-...

We report on the spectroscopic and hole burning properties of free-base naphtophthalocyanine with and without 1chloranthracene in polymer host. These materials exhibit a strong 0–0 absorption band in the region 800 nm matching the wavelength range of most semiconductor and Ti:Sapphire lasers. The materials studied feature two persistent hole burning photochemical mechanisms, i.e. one-photon pro...

Understory prescribed burning is being suggested as a viable management tool for restoring degraded oak–pine forest communities in the southern Appalachians yet information is lacking on how this will affect ecosystem processes. Our objectives in this study were to evaluate the watershed scale effects of understory burning on total aboveground biomass, and the carbon and nitrogen pools in coars...

Savanna fires occurring in sub-Saharan Africa account for over 60% of global fire extent, which more than half occurs the Southern Hemisphere contributing ~29% emissions. Building on experience reducing savanna emissions fire-prone north Australian savannas through implementation an internationally accredited ‘savanna burning’ abatement methodology, we explore opportunities and challenges assoc...

Total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were collected in a deciduous broadleaf forest Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, from January to December 2010 understand the molecular composition and abundance of sugar compounds (SCs) atmospheric aerosols. We analyzed for anhydrosugars, primary sugars, alcohols using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The annual mean concentrations total SCs ranged 16.1 17...