Almost one half of male and female students participate in high school-sponsored athletics, and high school also is a time when classroom health promotion curricula are less effective. The Athletes Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids is a sport team-centered drug-use prevention program for male high school athletes, which has been shown to reduce alcohol and illicit drug use. Just as anabol...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence of coaches and team cohesion of athletes in the 5th olympiad of female students of payame noor universities in 2011. the method of this study was correlation, and application regarding the aim which was conducted as a field study. the population consisted of all coaches (n=86) and athletes (n=1068) p...

OBJECTIVE Previous studies suggest athletes underreport concussions. We sought to determine whether athletes in our clinics have sustained previous concussions that went undiagnosed. DESIGN Multicentered cross sectional study. SETTING Two sport concussion clinics. PATIENTS Patients diagnosed with sport-related concussions or concussions with injury mechanisms and forces similar to those o...

BACKGROUND Recently, female sports participation has increased, and there is a tendency for women to experience more symptoms and variable presentation after sport-related concussion (SRC). The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex differences exist in time to begin a return-to-play (RTP) progression after an initial SRC. HYPOTHESIS After initial SRC, female athletes (11-20 years...

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of death in young athletes on the playing field and typically the result of undiagnosed structural or electrical cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular screening in athletes is routinely practiced and endorsed by most major sporting and medical associations, but universal agreement on a single screening strategy to identify athletes at risk for SC...

Meaning in movement is an enduring topic sport social sciences, but few studies have explored how meaningful and for whom. The authors examined the relationships between demographic variables, meaningfulness of sport, craftsmanship. Athletes ( N = 258, 61.6% male, age ?18) from United Kingdom completed a questionnaire, Work Inventory modified Craftsmanship Scale. Older individual significantly ...

A typical track and field sports event reveals a great deal of diversity. While a pole-vaulter is getting ready for the next vault, the starting pistol goes off and a group of track athletes break explosively into a 100 m sprint. A coach is helping an athlete to prepare herself mentally for a decisive high jump, while another group of athletes is relaxing on a mat at the edge of the stadium. Du...

The ability to perform an explosive movement is of a great interest for athlete’s performance and success in sport. Developing qualities such as strength, power and rate of force development appear to be of greater importance than training at the actual movement velocity of a task. Aim: The aim of actual research was to determine difference in the explosive strength of upper extremities between...

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese versions of the Sport Anxiety Scale and of the Brief COPE, as well as of the Cognitive Appraisal Scale in Sport Competition-Threat Perception, namely regarding their factor structure validity and internal consistency. Participants were 550 male and female athletes of several sports, aged 15- to 35-years-old (...