in spite of different ideas of islamic jurists, in iranian law, in article 184 of civil law, the suspended contract has been accepted and only exceptionally, this contract is null. in the french law and some of the islamic countries, there are two kinds or suspensions: suspension of formation of contract and suspension of dissolution of contract. in the civil law of these countries, the event t...

The term “cultural transfer” has featured prominently in contemporary translation theory. Yet perplexing as it may seem, the term can, and has in fact been used to, refer to two diametrically opposite concepts of translation. On the one hand, “translation as cultural transfer” can be understood as “translation as an act of cross-cultural communication effected by matching the cultural, rather t...

it's obvious that there is a serious and powerful bond between different branches of humanities and social sciences. sociology of law is a good example in which law and sociology make an organized ensemble. sociology of law has emerged as an independent science which is, or should be, based on empiric rationality. the discipline is neither based on metaphysics (contrary to the philosophy of law...

To the Editor: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) Beijing genotype is spread throughout the world, and the highest prevalence has been detected in Asia and Eurasia. In western Europe, the prevalence of Beijing strains is relatively low (1–3), and cases in immigrants with Beijing strains are mainly Asian in origin. In Spain, the last few years have been a key period for infectious diseases because...