The threshold for explosive vaporization of a liquid layer on an opaque solid surface heated by an ultraviolet excimer pulsed laser is studied by a photoacoustic probe-beam deflection method. The probe beam traverses the liquid in the vicinity of the laser-heated liquid-solid interface. Below the explosion threshold, photoacoustic generation in the solid occurs only through a thermoelastic mech...

Free-running thulium laser pulses (Cr:Tm:YAG, lambda = 2.01 microm, tp = 300 micros) were applied to a purified, degassed water sample and the resulting temperature rise was investigated by an optical temperature probe. The probe detected water reflectance index changes with temperature and also the onset of vaporization, which was found to occur in a superheat regime, at approximately 230 degr...

We described the synthesis of Au coated SiO2 nanoshells linked with NH2 biomolecular ligands using a simple wet chemical method with a particular application for laser tissue soldering. Tunable nanoshells were prepared by using different gold colloidal concentrations. The nanoshells are characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and AFM. The FTIR results confirmed the functionalized surfac...

High performance TeV energy electron / positron colliders (LC) are the first machines to require online, non-invasive beam size monitors for micron and submicron for beam phase space optimization. Typical beam densities in the LC are well beyond the threshold density for single pulse melting and vaporization of any material, making conventional wire scanners ineffective. Using a finely focused,...

Integrating high contrast bubbles from ultrasound imaging with plasmonic absorbers from photoacoustic imaging is investigated. Nanoemulsion beads coated with gold nanopsheres (NEB-GNS) are excited with simultaneous light (transient heat at the GNS's) and ultrasound (rarefactional pressure) resulting in a phase transition achievable under different scenarios, enhancing laser-induced acoustic sig...

Laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS) coupled with offline multivariate statistical analysis is used to discriminate eight phenotypes from a single plant organ class and to find potential biomarkers. Direct analysis of the molecules from the flower petal is enabled by interfacing intense (10(13) W/cm(2)), nonresonant, femtosecond laser vaporization at ambient pressure with electrospray io...

Infrared spectra of niobium oxide cluster cations are measured via IR multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy in the 400-1650 cm(-1) region. The cluster cations are obtained directly from a laser vaporization source and irradiated with the infrared light emitted by a free electron laser. For those oxide clusters that fragment after excitation, the IR spectra are recorded by measuring the clus...

The +(a,) fundamental vibration of ‘2; S&C3 has been observed using a laser vaporization-supersonic cluster beam-diode laser spectrometer. Forty rovibrational transitions were measured in the range of 1965.8 to 1970.9 cm-’ with a rotational temperature of lo-15 K. A least-squares fit of these transitions yielded the following molecular constants: ~~((+,~)=1968.188 31(18) cm -‘, B”=0.031 575 l(6...

Chemical reaction of small silicon cluster ions (Si n: 20 ≤ n ≤ 29) with nitric oxide was studied by using the FT-ICR (Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance) mass spectrometer. Silicon clusters were generated by a pulsed laser-vaporization supersonic-expansion cluster beam source directly connected to the FT-ICR mass spectrometer. Injected and size selected clusters were thermalized to the ...