Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) could infect many economic fish species and cause the fish nervous tissue necrosis vacuolization in histopathology. Once the fish is infected with NNV, 80-100% mortality will occour in grouper breeding farm. However, the immune system does not develop completely in grouper larva. Therefore, the traditional vaccine may not be effective during larva stage. This study ...

The susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to Ascogregarina culicis and Aedes albopictus to Ascogregarina taiwanensis was examined with mosquito and parasite strains from Tampa, FL. When each host was bioassayed with its natural gregarine, the infection intensity indicated that Ae. aegypti was 59% more susceptible to A. culicis (87 gamonts/larva) than Ae. albopictus to A. taiwanensis (47 gamonts/larva...

BACKGROUND Many cases of Cutaneous Larva Migrans (CLM) have been observed among devotees, during and immediately after the annual festival at the Nallur Hindu temple in Jaffna. OBJECTIVE To ascertain the risk factors associated with infestation and devotees' knowledge and practices regarding the condition. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administe...

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) atacamensis, a new species in the subgenus Nyssorhynchus, is described and validated using morphological characters of the male and female adult, male genitalia and immature stages. Molecular characterization employing sequences of the ITS2 rDNA and COI mtDNA are provided. The new taxon is compared with Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) pictipennis (Philippi) from central Chil...

Molting in arthropods is orchestrated by a series of endocrine changes that occur towards the end of an instar. However, little is understood about the mechanisms that trigger these endocrine changes. Here, nutritional inputs were manipulated to investigate the minimal nutritional inputs required for a Manduca sexta larva to initiate a molt. Amino acids were found to be necessary for a larva to...

SINCE the conjunctival sac is exposed to the atmosphere foreign bodies of various nature may enter into it. A few cases of the larvae of flies of the Oestrus ovis group being removed from human eyes have been reported in the literature. Herms (1950) studied a first-stage larva of Oestrus ovis removed from the eye of a patient by Fans. Faust and Russell (1957) stated that Lewis removed a first-s...

The following three species of Ceratopogonidae were collected breeding in the rhizomatous herb Phenakospermum guyannense Endl., 1833 in the vicinity of Manaus, Brazil, a new species, Culicoides (Mataemyia) felippebauerae Spinelli, Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) genualis (Loew), and F. (Phytohelea) musae Clastrier & Dellécole. C. (M.) felippebauerae is described and illustrated as adult, pupa, and fo...

We investigated the interleukin (IL-4) levels in BALB/c mice immunized with Anisakis extract in single or multiple doses and in mice orally infected with a larva. From animals immunized maximum responses were obtained with the multiple doses with an only IL-4 peak. Conversely, in the mice inoculated with a larva per os, the IL-4 levels showed two peaks of different rates.

Sir.?Major Milne ends liis interesting article in the September number of the Indian Medical Gazette hv ask innmo to account for the presence of Phy.tafnnf.era larva; in the peritoneum. As Major Milne states, I received from him for identification a piece of peritoneum from a squirrel containing a number of cysts in each of which lay a Physn'optera larva; and shortly afterwards some adult, memb...

Platygaster chilophagae, new species, is described from specimens reared from larvae of Chilophaga virgati Gagné collected and reared in eastern South Dakota. The host larva feeds on the basal meristematic tissues of the inflorescence of Panicum virgatum L. This new species seems to lack immediate affinities with any described Platygaster species in its combination of characteristics, and is co...