The WG stream ciphers are based on the WG (Welch-Gong) transformation and possess proved randomness properties. In this paper we propose nine new hardware designs for the two classes of WG(29, 11) and WG-16. For each class, we design and implement three versions of standard, pipelined and serial. For the first time, we use the polynomial basis (PB) representation to design and implement the WG(...

The potent activity of Wnt/Wingless (Wg) signals necessitates sophisticated mechanisms that spatially and temporally regulate their distribution and range of action. The two main receptor components for Wg - Arrow (Arr) and Frizzled 2 (Fz2) - are transcriptionally downregulated by Wg signaling, thus forming gradients that oppose that of Wg. Here, we analyze the relevance of this transcriptional...

Patterning of the Drosophila embryo depends on the accurate expression of wingless (wg), which encodes a secreted signal required for segmentation and many other processes. Early expression of wg is regulated by the nuclear proteins of the gap and pair-rule gene classes but, after gastrulation, wg transcription is also dependent on cell-cell communication. Signaling to the Wg-producing cells is...

set up to see who can catch the most. The Environment Education Foundation hosted its third ‘lionfish derby’ last month off Florida, outside the reserve, with more than $3,000 in prize money for the team catching the most fish — 109 were killed. In the waters around the Bahamas, which don’t have the same protection as Florida Keys, more than 2,000 lionfish have been killed over the past two yea...

Pattern formation during animal development is often induced by extracellular signaling molecules, known as morphogens, which are secreted from localized sources. During wing development in Drosophila, Wingless (Wg) is activated by Notch signaling along the dorsal-ventral boundary of the wing imaginal disc and acts as a morphogen to organize gene expression and cell growth. Expression of wg is ...

The aim of this paper is to project extreme precipitation events in an arid and a semiarid station. In order to project climate change based on general circulation models (GCMs), we have applied LARS-WG[1] downscaling tool. This stochastic weather generator down-scaled the climate of two synoptic stations using HADCM3 model and A2 emission scenario for 2040. We extracted extreme precipitation e...