Density functional theory is used to determine the possible crystal structure of the CaSiO3 perovskites and their evolution under pressure. The ideal cubic perovskite is considered as a starting point for studying several possible lower-symmetry distorted structures. The theoretical lattice parameters and the atomic coordinates for all the structures are determined, and the results are discusse...

This report reviews the safety of Aluminum, Calcium, Lithium Magnesium, Lithium Magnesium Sodium, Magnesium Aluminum, Magnesium, Sodium Magnesium, and Zirconium Silicates, Magnesium Trisilicate, Attapulgite, Bentonite, Fuller’s Earth, Hectorite, Kaolin, Montmorillonite, Pyrophyllite, and Zeolite as used in cosmetic formulations. The common aspect of all these claylike ingredients is that they c...

Preparation of magnesium, lanthanum, and bismuth(III) complexes of 3.6 kDa maltodextrin and some properties of the resulting materials are presented. The metal derivatives contain metals bound to the oxygen atoms of the hydroxyl groups of maltodextrin. Additionally, the metal atoms are coordinated to the hydroxyl groups of the D-glucose units of the macroligand. Such coordination stabilized the...

Laser action has been demonstrated in chalcogenide glass microsphere. A sub millimeter neodymium-doped gallium lanthanum sulphide glass sphere was pumped at 808 nm with a laser diode and single and multimode laser action demonstrated at wavelengths between 1075 and 1086 nm. The gallium lanthanum sulphide family of glass offer higher thermal stability compared to other chalcogenide glasses, and ...

The effects of cerium and lanthanum on the vegetative and reproductive growth of Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated. Addition of cerium (III) nitrate (0.5-50μM) and/or lanthanum nitrate (0.5-50μM) to the culture medium and the potting mix showed varied results. Pot trials were done with uniform conditions for light, water and temperature. Factors examined include root length, height, number...

While soluble silicate binders have been used effectively for decades in various end uses, recent developments and discoveries may improve and expand the use of silicates. This paper reviews the traditional use and chemistry of sodium silicate binders and also describes how surfactants, viscosity modifiers, lubricants and non-traditional setting agents can provide new characteristics and flexib...

The function(s) of soluble silicates in repulpinghashing and flotation deinking of waste newsprint/magazine were investigated extensively, under optimized conditions. During repulping/washing, silicate ’s response was characteristic of a buffer and a detergent. It was responsible for a 3.0% increase in I S 0 brightness. In repulping/flotation, silicate accounted for a 6.1% increase in I S 0 bri...

Novel silicate nanoplatelets that induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the absence of any osteoinductive factor are reported. The presence of the silicate triggers a set of events that follows the temporal pattern of osteogenic differentiation. These findings underscore the potential applications of these silicate nanoplatelets in designing bioactive scaf...

We present (29)Si, (27)Al, and (67)Zn NMR evidence to show that silicate ions in alkaline solution form complexes with zinc(II) (present as zincate, Zn(OH)(3)(-) or Zn(OH)(4)(2-)) and, concomitantly, with aluminate (Al(OH)(4)(-)). Zincate reacts with monomeric silicate at pH 14-15 to form [(HO)O(2)Si-O-Zn(OH)(3)](4-) and with dimeric silicate to produce [HO-SiO(2)-O-SiO(2)-O-Zn(OH)(3)](6-). The...

Calcium silicate compounds belong to a complicated class of silicates. Among their many industrial applications, calcium silicates are heavily used as a building material as they constitute the main ingredient in today’s cement clinker. We report here an extensive surface analysis of synthetic calcium silicate phases (tricalcium silicate, C3S, and dicalcium silicate, C2S) using first-principles...