نتایج جستجو برای: language complexity
تعداد نتایج: 722746 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Researchers have extensively studied phenomena that affect a second language learner’s oral production while there is scant evidence about input-related factors. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate how variation in oral production is caused by the input they receive from different course materials. To this end, the study included a micro-evaluation study of three course materia...
We study the state complexity of a class of simple languages. If A is an alphabet of k letters, a k-language is a nonempty set of words of length k, that is, a uniform language of length k. By a new construction, we show that the maximal state complexity of a k-language is (k − 1)/(k − 1) + 2 + 1, and every k-language of this complexity is also a uniform language of length k of the maximal stat...
since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...
the 6th and 7th hijri centuries were two of the very brilliant periods of persian language and literature, especially in the field of mystical poetry which emerged and developed by three of iranian-islamic great mystics: sanāie, attar and mowlavi. their same and close understanding and feeling toward god, universe and … resulted in an intellectual system on which realizing the effect of each de...
this exploratory study aimed to investigate a possible relationship between learners’ beliefs about language learning and one of their personality traits; that is,locus of control (loc). both variables, beliefs and locus of control, are assumed to influence the language learning process. the internal control index (ici) and the beliefs about language learning inventory (balli) were administered...
the effect of learning strategies on the speaking ability of iranian students in the context of language institutes abstract language learning strategies are of the most important factors that help language learners to learn a foreign language and how they can deal with the four language skills specifically speaking skill effectively. acknowledging the great impact of learning strategies...
for several years, researchers in familiarity of efl teachers with post-method and its role in second and foreign language learners’ productions have pointed out that the opportunity to plan for a task generally develops language learners’ development (ellis, 2005). it is important to mention that the critical varies in language teaching was shown is the disappearances of the concept of method ...
It is well known that the language obtained by deleting an arbitrary language from a regular language is regular. We give an upper bound for the state complexity of deleting an arbitrary language from a regular language and a matching lower bound. We show that the state complexity of deletion is n · 2n−1 (respectively, (n + 1 2 ) · 2 − 2) when using complete (respectively, incomplete) determini...
Language complexity is an intriguing phenomenon argued to play an important role in both language learning and processing. The need to compare languages with regard to their complexity resulted in a multitude of approaches and methods, ranging from accounts targeting specific structural features to global quantification of variation more generally. In this paper, we investigate the degree to wh...
We relate two measures of complexity of regular languages. The first is syntactic complexity, that is, the cardinality of the syntactic semigroup of the language. That semigroup is isomorphic to the semigroup of transformations of states induced by non-empty words in the minimal deterministic finite automaton accepting the language. If the language has n left quotients (its minimal automaton ha...
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