The simulation of land combat operations is a complex task. The space of possibilities is exponential and the performance criteria are usually in conflict; thus finding a sweet spot in this complex search space is a hard task. This paper focuses on the effect of population size and mutation rate on the performance of NSGA–II, as the evolutionary multiobjective optimization technique, to decide ...

The well-known inverse relationship between farm size and productivity is usually explained in terms of diminishing returns with respect to land and other inputs coupled with various types of market frictions that prevent the efficient allocation of land across farms. We show that even in the absence of diminishing returns one can provide an alternative explanation for this phenomenon using end...

ion6. Population connected to wastewater secondary treatment systems7. Biochemical oxygen demand in riversSub-theme: MARINE ECOSYSTEMS8. Concentration of mercury in fishand shellfish*9. Size of fishing fleet Sub-theme: LAND USE10. Land use change*, by category(proxy: Built-up areas) 11. Forest increment and fellings12. Forest trees damaged by defoliation 13. ...

This article attempts a formal analysis of the connection between property tax and urban sprawl in U.S. cities. We develop a theoretical model that includes households (who are also landlords) and land developers in a regional land market. We then test the model empirically based on a national sample of urbanized areas. The results we obtained from both theoretical and empirical analyses indica...

Sauropodomorph dinosaurs include the largest land animals to have ever lived, some reaching up to 10 times the mass of an African elephant. Despite their status defining the upper range for body size in land animals, it remains unknown whether sauropodomorphs evolved larger-sized genomes than non-avian theropods, their sister taxon, or whether a relationship exists between genome size and body ...

Global amphibian declines have been linked to various anthropogenic land uses. Recent studies have documented negative impacts of cropland agriculture and deforestation on amphibians; however, few have examined potential impacts of cattle grazing in wetlands on resident amphibians. Therefore, we measured differences in number of captures and body size of postmetamorphic amphibians, egg mass abu...

purpose: one of the major problems in the agriculture field is the land use change that has been growing recently and disturbing the balance of agricultural products in long term. there are many factors that affect farmers' willingness to change the use of land. in this regard, the main objective of this study is to identify factors which affect the agricultural land use change in rural areas i...

Home range size is a fundamental concept for understanding animal dispersion and ecological needs, and it is one of the most commonly reported ecological attributes of free-ranging mammals. Previous studies indicate that red foxes Vulpes vulpes display great variability in home range size. Yet, there has been little consensus regarding the reasons why home range sizes of red foxes vary so exten...