INTRODUCTION Placental sulphatase deficiency/congenital ichthyosis is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism which was first described in 1969 by France and Liggins.1 It is an enzymatic defect affecting steroid metabolism, clinically manifested by diminished oestrogen production during fetal life and by congenital ichthyosis post-natally. This disorder has a reported incidence of between 1: 6,0...

BACKGROUND Several forms of ichthyosis are associated with neurologic manifestations, including Sjögren-Larsson syndrome, Refsum disease, and mental retardation-enteropathy-deafness-neuropathy-ichthyosis-keratoderma (MEDNIK) syndrome. We report a case of X-linked steroid sulfatase deficiency, ichthyosis, seizures, abnormal hair banding pattern, and unilateral polymicrogyria. OBSERVATIONS A 3-...

Congenital ichthyosis is a group (almost 100 clinical variants) of rare genetic skin diseases caused by pathogenic changes in more than 50 genes. Clinical features ichthyosis, regardless its genotype, are dry skin, peeling, hyperkeratosis frequently accompanied with erythroderma. These patients have extremely low quality life due to appearance, discomfort itching and functional limitations (pai...

Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome (SLS) is an inherited autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder with congenital ichthyosis, spastic diplegia or quadriplegia and mental retardation. We report a case of Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome with clinical profile (mental retardation, ichthyosis, spastic diplegia) and MRI findings such as seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). So this rare syndrome can be another differen...

Harlequin ichthyosis is a life threatening rare skin condition characterized by aberrant differentiation of the epidermis leading to severe barrier defect. It caused mutations in ABCA12 lipid transporter involved transport glucosylceramides from lamellar body lamellae. The current therapeutic approach consists topical emollients and oral administration retinoids causing side effects, so there a...

References 1 Fischer J. Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. J Invest Dermatol 2009; 129: 1319–1321. 2 Akiyama M, Takizawa Y, Kokaji T, et al. Novel mutations of TGM1 in a child with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Br J Dermatol 2001; 144: 401–407. 3 Herman ML, Farasat S, Steinbach PJ, et al. Transglutaminase-1 gene mutations in autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis: summary of...

Ichthyosis is a very heterogeneous family of skin disorders with harlequin ichthyosis being the most severe genetic form. It is a rare autosomal recessive condition, characterized by dry, severely thickened skin with large plates of hyperkeratotic scale, separated by deep fissures. Infants are very susceptible to metabolic abnormalities and infections. They usually do not survive for very long,...

Netherton syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by congenital ichthyosis, trichorrhexis invaginata, and atopic diathesis. Ichthyosis presents at birth with erythroderma and subsequently evolves into ichthyosis linearis circumflexa; hair shaft abnormalities tend to present later. The disorder is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SPINK5 (serine protease ...