Discourse particles constitute an important part of spoken language; they have a wide range pragmatic functions in interactional contexts. The object the present paper is to introduce Kurdish discourse particles, clarify their different contexts, and briefly sketch some aspects grammatical properties. I will focus on Sorani since this dialect has rich inventory that not so far been investigated...

Kermanshah is a city in west of Iran with a specific customs and cultures between the people who are living here. According to historical documents these cultures are very ancient and belong to more than one thousand years. The climate condition in this place forces people to find the solution of their problems using the plants and natural facilities. Therefore traditional healers were so activ...

This paper examines the role and significance of Interpersonal language meta-function in understanding constructing use functions among users a business context English Central-Kurdish languages. In analyzing entrepreneurs’ public speeches, researchers employ descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis. The instrument used this study is to examine exploratory data speech discourse Ce...

OBJECTIVE There are controversial reports about factors that affect recovery from stuttering. In the ‎present study, the effect of hand dominancy, fine motor and inhibition control on late ‎recovery from stuttering was investigated among a group of Kurdish-Persian children who ‎stuttered in Iran.‎ METHOD Twenty-two Kurdish-Persian children aged 7-14 years who stuttered were followed for 6 ‎ye...

OBJECTIVES To measure the prevalence of silent strokes in the Iraqi Kurdish population, and to identify silent stroke risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq from January to June 2009. A sample of 200 patients attending the outpatient clinic was taken. The results of CT and MRI were analyzed, and the proportion of silent infar...

BACKGROUND The health system of Iraqi Kurdistan is severely understudied, particularly with regard to patient-physician interactions and their effects. We examine patterns of behaviour among physicians in Kurdistan, the justifications given and possible enabling factors, with a view to understanding accountability both from above and below. METHODS An ethnographic study was conducted in the S...