This paper summarises the contributions of the teams at the University of Helsinki, Uppsala University and the University of Turku to the news translation tasks for translating from and to Finnish. Our models address the problem of treating morphology and data coverage in various ways. We introduce a new efficient tool for word alignment and discuss factorisations, gappy language models and rei...

The Yang-Baxter equation plays a fundamental role in various areas of mathematics. Its solutions, called braidings, are built, among others, from Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf algebra, from self-distributive structures, and from crossed modules of groups. In the present paper these three sources of solutions are unified inside the framework of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a braided system...

This paper proposes a compositional model-theoretic account of the way the interpretation of indicative conditionals is determined and constrained by the temporal and modal expressions in their constituents. The main claim is that the tenses in both the antecedent and the consequent of an indicative conditional are interpreted in the same way as in isolation. This is controversial for the antec...

DNA Image Cytometry is a method for early cancer diagnosis and grading of cancer, using a photomicroscopic system to measure the DNA content of nuclei. Specifically for the prostate, this method can be used to distinguish between clinically insignificant, non-aggressive tumors, and those which need to be removed or irradiated. This decision is based on the analysis of the DNA distribution among...

We introduce two simple improvements to the lexical weighting features of Koehn, Och, and Marcu (2003) for machine translation: one which smooths the probability of translating word f to word e by simplifying English morphology, and one which conditions it on the kind of training data that f and e co-occurred in. These new variations lead to improvements of up to +0.8 BLEU, with an average impr...

Recently, there has been a proliferation of research into the acquisition of morphological grammars—that is, grammars and lexicons required for computer-based morphological analysis and synthesis. The approaches to acquiring such grammars range from tools which structure data provided by native speakers and linguists, to unsupervised machine learning. Despite this flurry of research into morpho...

This paper describes the first large-scale evaluation of information retrieval systems using Dutch documents and queries. We describe in detail the characteristics of the Dutch test data, which is part of the official CLEF multilingual test corpus, and give an overview of the experimental results of companies and research institutions that participated in the first official Dutch CLEF experimen...