The farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, plays important roles in the regulation of bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. There is intense interest in understanding the mechanisms of FXR regulation and in developing pharmaceutically suitable synthetic FXR ligands that might be used to treat metabolic syndrome....

Cell placement is an important phase of current VLSI circuit design styles such as standard cell, gate array, and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Although nondeterministic algorithms such as Simulated Annealing (SA) were successful in solving this problem, they are known to be slow. In this paper, a neural network algorithm is proposed that produces solutions as good as SA in substantiall...

MOTIVATION The precise quantification of intracellular metabolic flow rates is of fundamental importance in bio(techno)logy and medical research. The gold standard in the field is metabolic flux analysis (MFA) with 13C-labeling experiments. 13C-MFA workflows orchestrate several, mainly human-in-the-loop, software applications, integrating them with plenty of heterogeneous information. In practi...

MOTIVATION Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a commonly used approach for quantifying metabolic fluxes based on tracking isotope labeling of metabolite within cells. Tandem mass-spectrometry (MS/MS) has been recently shown to be especially useful for MFA by providing rich information on metabolite positional labeling, measuring isotopic labeling patterns of collisional fragments. However, a majo...

In this paper, a new lead-free piezoelectric (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) film is presented as a promising, environment-friendly alternative to the conventional piezoelectric thin film materials like PZT, etc. with regard to applying into piezo-MEMS devices in general and micro-energy-harvesting devices in particular. The KNN films deposited by the RF magnetron sputtering deposition system were revealed ex...

The paper contains the comparison between several class prediction methods (the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) algorithms and some variations of it) for classification of tumours using gene expression data. The KNN is a traditional classifier that uses a set of attributes for class prediction. Also are considered, the cases when these attributes (for KNN algorithm) are un-weighted (i.e. they all hav...

Microfibril angle, (MFA) in hardwood is one of the key determinants of solid timber performance due to its strong influence on the stiffness, strength, shrinkage, swelling, thermal-dynamics mechanical properties and dimensional stability of wood.. A method is presented for the measurement, using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), of the microfibril angle, (MFA) and the associated standard dev...

The standard Gaussian process (GP) regression is often intractable when a data set is large or spatially nonstationary. In this paper, we address these challenging data properties by designing a novel K nearest neighbor based Kalman filter Gaussian process (KNN-KFGP) regression. Based on a state space model established by the KNN driven data grouping, our KNN-KFGP recursively filters out the la...

The problem of k-nearest neighbors (kNN) search is to find nearest k neighbors from a given data set for a query point. To speed up the finding process of nearest k neighbors, many fast kNN search algorithms were proposed. The performance of fast kNN search algorithms is highly influenced by the number of dimensions, number of data points, and data distribution of a data set. In the extreme cas...

(K(x),Na(1-x))NbO(3) (KNN) thin films were deposited on (001)SrRuO(3)/(001)Pt/(001)MgO substrates by RF-magnetron sputtering, and their piezoelectric properties were investigated. The x-ray diffraction measurements indicated that the KNN thin films were epitaxially grown with the c-axis orientation in the perovskite tetragonal system. The lattice constant of the c-axis increased with increasing...