The fluid-filled lung exists in relative hypoxia in utero (∼25 mm Hg), but at birth fills with ambient air where the partial pressure of oxygen is ∼150 mm Hg. The impact of this change was studied in mouse lung with microarrays to analyze gene expression one day before, and 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after birth into room air or 10% O(2). The expression levels of >150 genes, representing transcripti...

www.landesbioscience.com Cell Cycle 3351 How nuclear architecture and transcription are related has been a “black box” in cell biology. Whether spatial organization of chromatin in the nucleus directly regulates transcription, or initiation of transcription leads to recruitment of chromatin-interacting proteins to cause specific structure formation is still largely unclear, but both processes a...

A steadily growing number of hereditary palmoplantar keratodermas (PPKs) have been found to result from defective function epidermal adhesion proteins such as desmoglein 1 (DSG1), a critical component desmosomes which has implicated in the pathogenesis striate, diffuse and focal PPKs. Here we aimed at delineating genetic basis novel dominant form PPK. We studied three patients two families diag...

Cell fate commitment during development is achieved through the expression of lineage-specific transcription factors. Recent studies have suggested that the expression of combinations of these lineage-specific transcription factors can convert adult somatic cells from one type to another. Here we report that the combination of p63, a master regulator of epidermal development and differentiation...

Abstract Biomolecular condensates are dense assemblies of proteins that form distinct biochemical compartments without being surrounded by a membrane. Some, such as P granules and stress granules, behave droplets contain many millions molecules. Others, transcriptional on the surface DNA, small thousands The physics behind formation DNA surfaces is still under discussion. Here we investigate na...

Mutations in the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) gene are the most frequent genetic alteration in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we showed that enforced expression of NPM1 mutation type A (NPM1-mA) inhibits myeloid differentiation of leukemia cells, whereas knockdown of NPM1-mA has the opposite effect. Our analyses of normal karyotype AML samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset revealed...

Th17 cells play a significant role in inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Although a number of molecular pathways that contribute to the lineage differentiation of T cells have been discovered, the mechanisms by which lineage commitment occurs are not fully understood. Transcription factors play a key role in driving T cells toward specific lineages. We have identified a role for the transcr...

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) possess pluripotency, which is the capacity of cells to differentiate into all lineages of the mature organism. Increasing evidence suggests that the pluripotent state of ESCs is regulated by a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The underlying mechanisms, however, are not completely understood. Here, we show that March5, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is involv...

Reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is accompanied by morphological, functional, and metabolic alterations before acquisition of full pluripotency. Although the genome-wide effects of the reprogramming factors on gene expression are well documented, precise mechanisms by which gene expression changes evoke phenotypic responses remain to be determined. We u...

Ectopic expression of defined transcription factors can reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, but the utility of iPS cells is hampered by the use of viral delivery systems. Small molecules offer an alternative to replace virally transduced transcription factors with chemical signaling cues responsible for reprogramming. In this report we describe a small-molecule scre...