It has been shown previously (Kennedy and Barbaro, 1953) that the amount of crystal violet adsorbed by bacteria can be measured quantitatively by either one of two procedures. One procedure involved micro-Kjeldahl analyses of bacterial cells before and after staining. The increase in total nitrogen in the stained cells represented the dye nitrogen adsorbed. The second procedure was based on mic...

The objective of our research was to modify the current indirect casein method for bovine milk to enable it to be applied to bovine milk, bovine milk concentrates, and milks of other species that contain a protein concentration up to 9% (wt/wt). Our work used a series of bovine milk concentrates from about 3 to 9% protein with the same casein as a percentage of true protein to determine the amo...

A method for the determination of protein in urine by means of the biuret reaction was described by Hiller (1) and by Hiller, McIntosh, and Van Slyke (2), in which pure biuret prepared by Kahlbaum was used as a standard for visual calorimetry. Since Hiller (1) the biuret method has been used for the determination of urinary proteins by Price (3) and by Lehmann (4), and has been widely used in m...

Carnivorous aquatic plants, genus Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae), capture small aquatic organisms, such as rotifers, copepods, and cladocerans, by means of anatomical structures named bladders. The present study aimed to determine prey size and composition in U. gibba and U inflata, which were collected from a small lake and an herbaceous wetland, respectively, located in Paria Peninsula (Sucre...

This study investigated the chemical and thermal properties of faecal sludge from 10 dry VIP latrines in Bester’s Camp in the eThekwini Municipality, Durban, South Africa. Faecal sludge samples were selected at different depths and from the front and back sections of 10 VIP latrines during a manual emptying process. The samples were analysed for: moisture content; volatile solids; chemical oxyg...

A method for the determination of protein in urine by means of the biuret reaction was described by Hiller (1) and by Hiller, McIntosh, and Van Slyke (2), in which pure biuret prepared by Kahlbaum was used as a standard for visual calorimetry. Since Hiller (1) the biuret method has been used for the determination of urinary proteins by Price (3) and by Lehmann (4), and has been widely used in m...