BACKGROUND Physicians are often unable to eat and drink properly during their work day. Nutrition has been linked to cognition. We aimed to examine the effect of a nutrition based intervention, that of scheduled nutrition breaks during the work day, upon physician cognition, glucose, and hypoglycemic symptoms. METHODS A volunteer sample of twenty staff physicians from a large urban teaching h...

Energy is an important component of poultry feed and is derived principally from cereal grains. Unfortunately, all of the chemical energy is not available to the bird, and biological assays must be used to determine the digestible energy value of a cereal grain. The bioassay described uses four pens of six male broiler chicks, complete diets containing 80% of a test cereal grain (with or withou...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of observing school meals on children's dietary reports. SUBJECTS AND SETTING One hundred and twenty children randomly selected, but with half girls, from usual school-meal eaters among 312 volunteers (from all 443 fourth-grade children in six schools in one district). DESIGN Children were assigned randomly to one of 12 conditions yielded by crossing obse...

The content of meals consumed after exercise can impact metabolic responses for hours and even days after the exercise session. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of low dietary carbohydrate (CHO) vs. low energy intake in meals after exercise on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism the next day. Nine healthy men participated in four randomized trials. During the control tri...

n-Ribulose-l , 5-di-P carboxylase, purified from soybeans, had K, values of 0.13 XnM for COS and 0.19 mM for ribulose1,5-di-P under a Nz atmosphere. O2 inhibited 14C02 incorporation by the enzyme and this inhibition was rapidly reversed by Ns. Inhibition was competitive with respect to CO2 and uncompetitive with respect to ribulose-1,5-di-P. The Ki for O2 was 0.8 mM. This O2 inhibition, togethe...

BACKGROUND Neural responses to highly energetic food cues are robust and are suppressed by eating. It is not known if neural responsiveness to food cues is an inherited trait and possibly even one that mediates the genetic influences on body weight that have been previously observed. OBJECTIVE We investigated the inherited influence on brain responses to high-calorie visual food cues before a...

BACKGROUND On-farm crop species richness (CSR) may be important for maintaining the diversity and quality of diets of smallholder farming households. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the association of CSR with the diversity and quality of household diets in Malawi and 2) assess hypothesized mechanisms for this association via both subsistence- and market-oriented ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to contribute to the risk of cardiovascular disease, especially stroke. We examined the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and 34-year incident stroke. METHODS The Honolulu Heart Program is a prospective population-based cohort study of 8006 Japanese-American men in Hawaii who were 45 to 68 years old at the baseline exam...

BACKGROUND Within 6 years of a myocardial infarction (MI) more women (35%) than men (18%) will have another MI. Participation in physical activity is one of the most effective methods to reduce cardiac risks; however, few older women participate. One of the most frequently reported barriers to physical activity is fatigue. OBJECTIVES The specific aims of this study were to (1) describe factor...

The authors assessed the cross-sectional association between intensity of exercise in later life and coronary heart disease risk factors and subclinical disease among 2,274 men and women, 65 years of age and older, who were participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) during 1989-1990. Subjects were free of prior clinical cardiovascular disease or impairment of physical function. Exerc...