The study investigated local determinants of substance use in rural Kenya. Over the years, there has been a growing concern over increased use of substances across ages, gender, religious persuasions, and social class in Kenya. It is still unclear what psychosocial individual and/or community factors might be that offer some explanation for the high levels of alcohol and drug use. The study inv...

Catha edulis, the fresh leaves of which (i.e., khat) are used for their central stimulant actions, has been known for many hundreds of years. S(-)Cathinone was identified as a centrally-active khat constituents > 30 years ago. Although khat use was a problem long localized to certain Middle Eastern and certain Eastern African nations, ‘synthetic cathinones’(synthetic analogs of cathinone) repre...

Objective. To evaluate sleep habits, sleep patterns, and sleep quality among Ethiopian college students; and to examine associations of poor sleep quality with consumption of caffeinated beverages and other stimulants. Methods. A total of 2,230 undergraduate students completed a self-administered comprehensive questionnaire which gathered information about sleep complaints, sociodemographic and...

BACKGROUND Substance use is a growing concern globally and its association with students' academic performance is not well studied. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and khat) and its association with academic performance among university students. METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted among Wolaita Sodo University students. A ...

This study discusses the marble manuscripts of Al-Qur’an and meaning its aesthetic reception manuscripts. The type research is field with locus at Masjid Al-Muhtaram, Kajen, Pekalongan Regency as a place to store stone used Wolfgang Iser’s theory. Therefore, results this are (1) Manuscript Qur’an made by Nur Hidayat Siba that started in 2011 until 2021. It has reached 13 juz derived from measur...

Background—Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection, primarily of the liver but after several weeks the biliary tract may also be aVected, related to the trematode Fasciola hepatica. The trematode is distributed worldwide in herbivores but is unusual in humans. Several outbreaks have been attributed to consumption of contaminated watercress and water. The optimal treatment of fascioliasis, particu...