plant samples were collected from yazd, isfahan, fars and tehran provinces and examined for their possible infection by hop stunt viroid (hsvd). the experimental host range of the viroid was determined by injection of infected sap into greenhouse grown seedlings and subsequent assay of inoculated plants by rt-pcr. fig, mulberry and citrus isolates of the viroid were compared with respect to hos...

Figs are one of the oldest known crops. The identification of different varieties is clouded and confused because of this long history. Efforts were made at various times to describe an accurate system for identifying varieties, with limited success.

Figs are remarkable not only for their unusual fruits, quite distinct from any other, but also for their relationship with a group of wasps in which different species pollinate different fig species. The relationship is symbiotic, as the figs are pollinated by the wasps but the insects lay their eggs in some of the flowers that form a food source for the larvae. Tucson, describe the association...

A 26-year-old man with no previous medical history presented with progressive dry cough of two-month onset. His blood pressure and heart rate were 100/65 mmHg and 125/bpm, respectively. Electrocardiography revealed sinus tachycardia with frequent premature ventricular contractions. A chest X-ray showed a globular-shaped cardiac silhouette. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large pericardi...

Fingerprinting is a widely used technique among the networking and security communities for identifying different implementations of the same piece of networking software running on a remote host. A fingerprint is essentially a set of queries and a classification function that can be applied on the responses to the queries in order to classify the software into classes. So far, identifying fing...

We appreciated the research by Derdeyn et al (1) from the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology concerning the size and suspension characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles. We do agree that both size and suspension characteristics of PVA represent relevant parameters affecting the aggregation of particles during injection. In addition to these two variables, we considered further para...