Edema is a rare complication induced by insulin therapy, which is mostly developed after initiation or intensification of insulin treatment in diabetic patients. Edema can either be localized or generalized. Our patient was a 34-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes. She was under treatment with oral agents medication, but recently insulin therapy was initiated for her due to inability to control...

Two patients presented with co-existing development of diabetic ketoacidosis and thyrotoxic crisis. The difficulties of diagnosis and management of such cases are discussed.

Introduction Spironolactone is a specific competitive antagonist of aldosterone, the most potent endogenous mineralocorticoid, which modifies renal electrolyte handling and is therefore commonly used as a diuretic in conditions associated with secondary hyperaldosteronism. In renal insufficiency, aldosterone antagonists may induce significant hyperkalaemia even if administered concurrently with...