Let G = (V,E) be an undirected graph and let π = {V1, V2, . . . , Vk} be a partition of the vertices V of G into k blocks Vi. From this partition one can construct the following digraph D(π) = (π,E(π)), the vertices of which correspond one-to-one with the k blocks Vi of π, and there is an arc from Vi to Vj if every vertex in Vj is adjacent to at least one vertex in Vi, that is, Vi dominates Vj ...

‎let $g=(v(g),e(g))$ be a graph‎, ‎$gamma_t(g)$. let $ooir(g)$ be the total domination and oo-irredundance number of $g$‎, ‎respectively‎. ‎a total dominating set $s$ of $g$ is called a $textit{total perfect code}$ if every vertex in $v(g)$ is adjacent to exactly one vertex of $s$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we show that if $g$ has a total perfect code‎, ‎then $gamma_t(g)=ooir(g)$‎. ‎as a consequence, ...

let $g=(v, e)$ be a graph. by emph{directional labeling (ord-labeling)} of an edge $x=uv$ of $g$ by an ordered $n$-tuple$(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)$, we mean a labeling of the edge $x$ such thatwe consider the label on $uv$ as $(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)$ in thedirection from $u$ to $v$, and the label on $x$ as$(a_{n},a_{n-1},...,a_1)$ in the direction from $v$ to $u$. inthis paper, we study graphs, called emph{...

In this paper we introduced the concepts of global domination number and domatic in product fuzzy graph is denoted by γg(G) dg(G), respectively determine for several classes obtain Nordhaus-Gaddum type results parameter. Further, some bounds dg(G) are investigated. Also relations between γg(G)(dg(G)) other known parameter Product graphs Finally introduce concept full about done.

A double Roman dominating function on a graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)$ is defined in cite{bhh} as a function$f:V(G)rightarrow{0,1,2,3}$ having the property that if $f(v)=0$, then the vertex $v$ must have at least twoneighbors assigned 2 under $f$ or one neighbor $w$ with $f(w)=3$, and if $f(v)=1$, then the vertex $v$ must haveat least one neighbor $u$ with $f(u)ge 2$. The weight of a double R...

A t-(v, k,;\) directed design (or simply a t-(v, k, ;\)DD) is a pair (V, B), where V is a v-set and B is a collection of (transitively) ordered k-tuples of distinct elements of V, such that every ordered t-tuple of distinct elements of V belongs to exactly). elements of B. (We say that at-tuple belongs to a k-tuple, if its components are contained in that k-tuple as a set, and they appear with ...

Department of Mathematics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Taida Institute for Mathematical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Taipei Office, Taiwan LaBRI UMR CNRS 5800, Univ. Bordeaux, Talence, France Department of Mathematics Education, Catholic University of Daegu, Kyongsan, Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics, Sh...